Summary of product characteristics
Indications And Usage
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE SARCLISA is indicated: in combination with pomalidomide and dexamethasone, for the treatment of adult patients with multiple myeloma who have received at least 2 prior therapies including lenalidomide and a proteasome inhibitor. in combination with carfilzomib and dexamethasone, for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma who have received 1 to 3 prior lines of therapy. in combination with bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone, for the treatment of adult patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma who are not eligible for autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT). SARCLISA is a CD38-directed cytolytic antibody indicated: in combination with pomalidomide and dexamethasone, for the treatment of adult patients with multiple myeloma who have received at least 2 prior therapies including lenalidomide and a proteasome inhibitor. in combination with carfilzomib and dexamethasone, for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma who have received 1 to 3 prior lines of therapy. in combination with bortezomib, lenalidomide and dexamethasone, for the treatment of adult patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma who are not eligible for autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT). ( 1 )
Adverse Reactions
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following clinically significant adverse reactions from SARCLISA are also described in other sections of the labeling: Infusion-Related Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] Infections [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] Neutropenia [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] Second Primary Malignancies [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4) ] In combination with pomalidomide and dexamethasone : The most common adverse reactions (≥20%) are upper respiratory tract infection, infusion-related reactions, pneumonia, and diarrhea. The most common hematology laboratory abnormalities (≥80%) are decreased hemoglobin, decreased neutrophils, decreased lymphocytes, and decreased platelets. ( 6.1 ) In combination with carfilzomib and dexamethasone : The most common adverse reactions (≥20%) are upper respiratory tract infection, infusion-related reactions, fatigue, hypertension, diarrhea, pneumonia, dyspnea, insomnia, bronchitis, cough, and back pain. The most common hematology laboratory abnormalities (≥80%) are decreased hemoglobin, decreased lymphocytes, and decreased platelets. ( 6.1 ) In combination with bortezomib, lenalidomide and dexamethasone : The most common adverse reactions (≥20%) are upper respiratory tract infections, diarrhea, fatigue, peripheral sensory neuropathy, pneumonia, musculoskeletal pain, cataract, constipation, peripheral edema, rash, infusion-related reaction, insomnia, and COVID-19. The most common hematologic laboratory abnormalities (≥80%) are decreased hemoglobin, decreased leukocytes, decreased lymphocytes, decreased platelets, and decreased neutrophils. ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact sanofi-aventis U.S. LLC at 1-800-633-1610 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. Relapsed and/or Refractory Multiple Myeloma Combination treatment with pomalidomide and dexamethasone (Isa-Pd) The safety of SARCLISA was evaluated in ICARIA-MM, a randomized, open-label clinical trial in patients with previously treated multiple myeloma. Patients received SARCLISA 10 mg/kg intravenously, weekly in the first cycle and every two weeks thereafter, in combination with pomalidomide and dexamethasone (Isa-Pd) (n=152) or pomalidomide and dexamethasone (Pd) (n=149) [see Clinical Studies (14) ] . Among patients receiving Isa-Pd, 66% were exposed to SARCLISA for 6 months or longer and 24% were exposed for greater than 12 months or longer. Serious adverse reactions occurred in 62% of patients receiving Isa-Pd. Serious adverse reactions in >5% of patients who received Isa-Pd included pneumonia (26%), upper respiratory tract infections (7%), and febrile neutropenia (7%). Fatal adverse reactions occurred in 11% of patients (those that occurred in more than 1% of patients were pneumonia and other infections [3%]). Permanent treatment discontinuation due to an adverse reaction (grades 1–4) occurred in 7% of patients who received Isa-Pd. The most frequent adverse reactions requiring permanent discontinuation in patients who received Isa-Pd were infections (2.6%). SARCLISA alone was discontinued in 3% of patients due to infusion-related reactions. Dosage interruptions due to an adverse reaction occurred in 31% of patients who received SARCLISA. The most frequent adverse reaction requiring dosage interruption was infusion-related reaction (28%). The most common adverse reactions (≥20%) were upper respiratory tract infection, infusion-related reactions, pneumonia, and diarrhea. Table 4 summarizes the adverse reactions in ICARIA-MM. Table 4: Adverse Reactions (≥10%) in Patients Receiving SARCLISA, Pomalidomide, and Dexamethasone with a Difference Between Arms of ≥5% Compared to Control Arm in ICARIA-MM Trial Adverse Reactions SARCLISA + Pomalidomide + Dexamethasone (Isa-Pd) Pomalidomide + Dexamethasone (Pd) (N=152) (N=149) All Grades (%) Grade 3 (%) Grade 4 (%) All Grades (%) Grade 3 (%) Grade 4 (%) CTCAE version 4.03 General disorders and administration site conditions Infusion-related reaction Infusion-related reaction includes infusion-related reaction, cytokine release syndrome, and drug hypersensitivity. 38 1.3 1.3 0 0 0 Infections Upper respiratory tract infection Upper respiratory tract infection includes bronchiolitis, bronchitis, bronchitis viral, chronic sinusitis, fungal pharyngitis, influenza-like illness, laryngitis, nasopharyngitis, parainfluenzae virus infection, pharyngitis, respiratory tract infection, respiratory tract infection viral, rhinitis, sinusitis, tracheitis, upper respiratory tract infection, and upper respiratory tract infection bacterial. 57 9 0 42 3.4 0 Pneumonia Pneumonia includes atypical pneumonia, bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, pneumonia, pneumonia haemophilus, pneumonia influenzal, pneumonia pneumococcal, pneumonia streptococcal, pneumonia viral, candida pneumonia, pneumonia bacterial, haemophilus infection, lung infection, pneumonia fungal, and pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. 31 22 3.3 23 16 2.7 Blood and lymphatic system disorders Febrile neutropenia 12 11 1.3 2 1.3 0.7 Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders Dyspnea Dyspnea includes dyspnea, dyspnea exertional, and dyspnea at rest. 17 5 0 12 1.3 0 Gastrointestinal disorders Diarrhea 26 2 0 19 0.7 0 Nausea 15 0 0 9 0 0 Vomiting 12 1.3 0 3.4 0 0 Table 5 summarizes the hematology laboratory abnormalities in ICARIA-MM. Table 5: Hematology Laboratory Abnormalities During the Treatment Period in Patients Receiving Isa-Pd versus Pd in ICARIA-MM Laboratory Parameter SARCLISA + Pomalidomide + Dexamethasone (Isa-Pd) Pomalidomide + Dexamethasone (Pd) (N=152) (N=149) All Grades (%) Grade 3 (%) Grade 4 (%) All Grades (%) Grade 3 (%) Grade 4 (%) The denominator used to calculate the percentages was based on the safety population. Hemoglobin decreased 99 32 0 97 28 0 Neutrophils decreased 96 24 61 92 38 31 Lymphocytes decreased 92 42 13 92 35 8 Platelets decreased 84 14 16 79 9 15 Combination treatment with carfilzomib and dexamethasone (Isa-Kd) The safety of SARCLISA was evaluated in IKEMA, a randomized, open-label clinical trial in patients with previously treated multiple myeloma. Patients received SARCLISA 10 mg/kg intravenously weekly in the first cycle, and every two weeks thereafter, in combination with carfilzomib and dexamethasone (Isa-Kd) (n=177) or carfilzomib and dexamethasone (Kd) (n=122) [see Clinical Studies (14) ] . Among patients receiving Isa-Kd, 68% were exposed to SARCLISA for 12 months or longer and 51% were exposed for greater than 18 months. Serious adverse reactions occurred in 59% of patients receiving Isa-Kd. The most frequent serious adverse reactions in >5% of patients who received Isa-Kd were pneumonia (25%) and upper respiratory tract infections (9%). Adverse reactions with a fatal outcome during treatment were reported in 3.4% of patients in the Isa-Kd group (those occurring in more than 1% of patients were pneumonia occurring in 1.7% and cardiac failure in 1.1% of patients). Permanent treatment discontinuation due to an adverse reaction (grades 1–4) occurred in 8% of patients who received Isa-Kd. The most frequent adverse reactions requiring permanent discontinuation in patients who received Isa-Kd were infections (2.8%). SARCLISA alone was discontinued in 0.6% of patients due to infusion-related reactions. Dosage interruptions due to an adverse reaction occurred in 33% of patients who received SARCLISA. The most frequent adverse reaction requiring dosage interruption was infusion-related reaction (30%). The most common adverse reactions (≥20%) were upper respiratory tract infection, infusion-related reactions, fatigue, hypertension, diarrhea, pneumonia, dyspnea, insomnia, bronchitis, cough, and back pain. Table 6 summarizes the adverse reactions in IKEMA. Table 6: Adverse Reactions (≥10%) in Patients Receiving SARCLISA, Carfilzomib, and Dexamethasone with a Difference Between Arms of ≥5% Compared to Control Arm in IKEMA Adverse Reactions SARCLISA + Carfilzomib + Dexamethasone (Isa-Kd) Carfilzomib + Dexamethasone (Kd) (N=177) (N=122) All Grades (%) Grade 3 (%) Grade 4 (%) All Grades (%) Grade 3 (%) Grade 4 (%) General disorders and administration site conditions Infusion-related reaction Infusion-related reaction includes infusion-related reaction, cytokine release syndrome, and hypersensitivity. 46 0.6 0 3.3 0 0 Fatigue Fatigue includes fatigue and asthenia. 42 5 0 32 3.3 0 Infections Upper respiratory tract infection Upper respiratory tract infection includes acute sinusitis, chronic sinusitis, H1N1 influenza, H3N2 influenza, influenza, laryngitis, laryngitis viral, nasal herpes, nasopharyngitis, pharyngitis, pharyngotonsillitis, respiratory syncytial virus infection, rhinitis, sinusitis, sinusitis bacterial, tonsillitis, tracheitis, upper respiratory tract infection, viral rhinitis, respiratory tract infection, respiratory tract infection viral, influenza like illness, parainfluenzae virus infection, respiratory tract infection bacterial, and viral upper respiratory tract infection. 67 9 0 57 7 0 Pneumonia Pneumonia includes atypical pneumonia, lower respiratory tract infection, lower respiratory tract infection viral, pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, pneumonia, pneumonia influenzal, pneumonia legionella, pneumonia pneumococcal, pneumonia respiratory syncytial viral, pneumonia streptococcal, pneumonia viral, pulmonary sepsis, and pulmonary tuberculosis. 36 19 3.4 30 15 2.5 Bronchitis Bronchitis includes bronchitis, bronchitis viral, respiratory syncytial virus bronchitis, bronchitis chronic, and tracheobronchitis. 24 2.3 0 13 0.8 0 Vascular disorders Hypertension Hypertension includes hypertension, blood pressure increased, and hypertensive crisis. 37 20 0.6 32 18 1.6 Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders Dyspnea Dyspnea includes dyspnea and dyspnea exertional. 29 5 0 24 0.8 0 Cough Cough includes cough, productive cough, and allergic cough. 23 0 0 15 0 0 Gastrointestinal disorders Diarrhea 36 2.8 0 29 2.5 0 Vomiting 15 1.1 0 9 0.8 0 Table 7 summarizes the hematology laboratory abnormalities in IKEMA. Table 7: Hematology Laboratory Abnormalities During the Treatment Period in Patients Receiving Isa-Kd versus Kd in IKEMA Laboratory Parameter SARCLISA + Carfilzomib + Dexamethasone (Isa-Kd) Carfilzomib + Dexamethasone (Kd) (N=177) (N=122) All Grades (%) Grade 3 (%) Grade 4 (%) All Grades (%) Grade 3 (%) Grade 4 (%) The denominator used to calculate the percentage was based on the safety population. Hemoglobin decreased 99 22 0 99 20 0 Lymphocytes decreased 94 52 17 95 43 14 Platelets decreased 94 19 11 88 16 8 Neutrophils decreased 55 18 1.7 43 7 0.8 Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma not Eligible for Autologous Stem Cell Transplant Combination treatment with bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (Isa-VRd) The safety of SARCLISA was evaluated in IMROZ, a randomized, open-label clinical trial in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Patients received SARCLISA 10 mg/kg intravenously on day 1, 8, 15, 22, and 29 in the first 42-day cycle, followed by every two weeks from cycle 2 to 4 (42-day cycles), followed by every two weeks from cycle 5 to 17 (28-day cycles), and then on day 1 from cycle 18 and onwards (28-day cycles), in combination with bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (Isa-VRd) (n=263) or bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (VRd) (n= 181) [see Clinical Studies (14) ] . In IMROZ, median duration of exposure to treatment was 53 (range: 0.5–69) months in patients treated with Isa-VRd and 31 (range 0.6–67) months in patients treated with VRd. Serious adverse reactions occurred in 71% of patients receiving Isa-VRd. The serious adverse reaction in > 5% of patients who received Isa-VRd was pneumonia (30%). Fatal adverse reactions occurred in 11% of patients with Isa-VRd (those occurring in more than 1% of patients were pneumonia (5%). Permanent discontinuation of treatment due to an adverse reaction occurred in 22.8% of patients treated with Isa-VRd. The most frequent adverse reactions requiring permanent discontinuation in patients who received Isa-VRd were infections (8%). SARCLISA alone was discontinued in 2.3% of patients. Dosage interruptions due to an adverse reaction occurred in 21% of patients who received SARCLISA. The most frequent adverse reaction requiring dosage interruption was infusion related reaction (21%). The most common adverse reactions (≥20%) were upper respiratory tract infections, diarrhea, fatigue, peripheral sensory neuropathy, pneumonia, musculoskeletal pain, cataract, constipation, peripheral edema, rash, infusion-related reaction, insomnia, and COVID-19. The most common hematologic laboratory abnormalities (≥80%) were decreased hemoglobin, decreased leukocytes, decreased lymphocytes, decreased platelets, and decreased neutrophils. Table 8 summarizes the adverse reactions in IMROZ. Table 8: Adverse Reactions (≥ 20%) in Patients Receiving SARCLISA, Bortezomib, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone in IMROZ IMROZ study Adverse Reactions SARCLISA + Bortezomib + Lenalidomide + Dexamethasone (N=263) Bortezomib + Lenalidomide + Dexamethasone (N=181) All Grades (%) Grade 3 or 4 (%) All Grades (%) Grade 3 or 4 (%) Infections and infestations Upper respiratory tract infection Includes other related terms 65 4.6 57 Includes 1 patient (0.6%) with fatal URTI. 6 Pneumonia Pneumonia includes Atypical pneumonia, Bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, COVID-19 pneumonia, Lower respiratory tract infection, Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, Pneumonia, Pneumonia aspiration, Pneumonia bacterial, Pneumonia influenzal, Pneumonia klebsiella, Pneumonia legionella, Pneumonia parainfluenzae viral, Pneumonia pneumococcal, Pneumonia pseudomonal, Pneumonia respiratory syncytial viral, Pneumonia viral, Pulmonary sepsis. 45 Includes 14 patients (5%) with fatal pneumonia. 26 31 Includes 4 patients (2.2%) with fatal pneumonia. 19 COVID-19 COVID-19 includes COVID-19 infections other than COVID-19 pneumonia. 22 0.8 17 Includes 2 patients (1.1%) with fatal COVID-19. 1.7 General disorders and administration site conditions Fatigue Fatigue includes Fatigue, Asthenia, or Malaise. 55 11 50 9 Edema peripheral 33 0 33 1.1 Infusion-related reaction 24 0.4 1.1 0 Gastrointestinal disorders Diarrhea 55 8 49 8 Constipation 36 2.3 41 1.7 Nervous system disorders Peripheral sensory neuropathy 54 7 61 6 Eye disorders Cataract 38 16 25 11 Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders Musculoskeletal pain 38 4.2 33 3.3 Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders Rash Rash includes Dermatitis, Dermatitis acneiform, Dermatitis allergic, Dermatitis atopic, Dermatitis exfoliative generalized, Drug eruption, Rash, Rash erythematous, Rash macular, Rash maculo-papular, Rash pruritic, Rash pustular, Skin exfoliation, Skin hyperpigmentation, Skin lesion, Skin reaction, and Toxic skin eruption. 32 5 34 5 Psychiatric disorders Insomnia 22 3.8 24 2.2 Table 9 summarizes the hematology laboratory abnormalities in IMROZ. Table 9: Hematology Laboratory Abnormalities During the Treatment Period in Patients Receiving Isa-VRd Versus VRd in IMROZ Laboratory parameter SARCLISA + Bortezomib + Lenalidomide + Dexamethasone The denominator used to calculate the rate is based on the number of patients with a baseline value and at least one post-baseline value. Bortezomib + Lenalidomide + Dexamethasone All Grades (%) Grade 3–4 (%) All Grades (%) Grade 3–4 (%) Decreased hemoglobin 99 17 98 16 Decreased leukocytes 97 32 88 17 Decreased lymphocytes 95 60 92 53 Decreased platelets 95 30 85 28 Decreased neutrophils 87 54 80 37 Description of Selected Adverse Reactions Cardiac failure In IKEMA, cardiac failure (including cardiac failure, cardiac failure congestive, cardiac failure acute, cardiac failure chronic, left ventricular failure, and pulmonary edema) was reported in 7% of patients with the Isa-Kd group (grade ≥3 in 4%) and in 7% of patients with the Kd group (grade ≥3 in 4.1%). Serious cardiac failure was observed in 4% of patients in the Isa-Kd group and in 3.3% of patients in the Kd group. See the current prescribing information for carfilzomib for more information.
Contraindications
4 CONTRAINDICATIONS SARCLISA is contraindicated in patients with severe hypersensitivity to isatuximab-irfc or to any of its excipients [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] . Patients with severe hypersensitivity to isatuximab-irfc or to any of its excipients. ( 4 )
Description
11 DESCRIPTION Isatuximab-irfc, a CD38-directed cytolytic antibody, is a chimeric immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody (mAb). Isatuximab-irfc is produced from a mammalian cell line (Chinese hamster ovary, CHO) using a fed-batch production process. Isatuximab-irfc is composed of two identical immunoglobulin kappa light chains and two identical immunoglobulin gamma heavy chains and has an overall molecular weight of approximately 148 kDa. SARCLISA (isatuximab-irfc) injection is a sterile, preservative-free, clear to slightly opalescent, colorless to slightly yellow solution, essentially free of visible particles in a single-dose vial for intravenous use. Each vial contains either 100 mg/5 mL or 500 mg/25 mL of isatuximab-irfc at a concentration of 20 mg/mL with a pH of 6.0. Each mL of solution contains 20 mg isatuximab-irfc, histidine (1.46 mg), histidine hydrochloride monohydrate (2.22 mg), polysorbate 80 (0.2 mg), sucrose (100 mg), and water for injection.
Dosage And Administration
2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Premedicate with dexamethasone, acetaminophen, H2 antagonists, and diphenhydramine. ( 2.2 ) The recommended dosage of SARCLISA is 10 mg/kg as an intravenous infusion. See full prescribing information for SARCLISA schedules of administration and drugs used in combination. ( 2.1 ) 2.1 Recommended Dosage Administer pre-infusion medications [see Dosage and Administration (2.2) ] . SARCLISA should be administered by a healthcare professional, with immediate access to emergency equipment and appropriate medical support to manage infusion-related reactions if they occur [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] . The recommended dose of SARCLISA is 10 mg/kg actual body weight administered as an intravenous infusion in combination with pomalidomide and dexamethasone or in combination with carfilzomib and dexamethasone, or in combination with bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone. SARCLISA dosing schedules are provided in Tables 1 and 2 [see Clinical Studies (14) ] . Table 1: SARCLISA Dosing Schedule in Combination with Pomalidomide and Dexamethasone or in Combination with Carfilzomib and Dexamethasone Cycles Dosing schedules Cycle 1 (28-day cycle) Days 1, 8, 15, and 22 (weekly) Cycle 2 and beyond (28-day cycles) Days 1, 15 (every 2 weeks) Table 2: SARCLISA Dosing Schedule in Combination with Bortezomib, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone Cycles Dosing schedules Cycle 1 (42-day cycle) Days 1, 8, 15, 22, and 29 Cycles 2 to 4 (42-day cycles) Days 1, 15, and 29 (every 2 weeks) Cycles 5 to 17 (28-day cycles) Days 1 and 15 (every 2 weeks) Cycles 18 and beyond (28-day cycles) Day 1 (every 4 weeks) Treatment is repeated until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. SARCLISA is used in combination with pomalidomide and dexamethasone or in combination with carfilzomib and dexamethasone or in combination with bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone. For dosing instructions of combination agents administered with SARCLISA, see Clinical Studies (14) and manufacturer's prescribing information. Missed SARCLISA Doses If a planned dose of SARCLISA is missed, administer the dose as soon as possible and adjust the treatment schedule accordingly, maintaining the treatment interval. 2.2 Recommended Premedications and Antimicrobial Prophylaxis Recommended Premedications Administer the following premedications prior to SARCLISA infusion to reduce the risk and severity of infusion-related reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] : When administered in combination with SARCLISA and pomalidomide: Dexamethasone 40 mg orally or intravenously (or 20 mg orally or intravenously for patients ≥75 years of age). When administered in combination with SARCLISA and carfilzomib: Dexamethasone 20 mg (intravenously on the days of SARCLISA and/or carfilzomib infusions, orally on day 22 in cycle 2 and beyond, and orally on day 23 in all cycles). When administered in combination with SARCLISA, bortezomib, and lenalidomide: Dexamethasone 20 mg (intravenously on the days of SARCLISA infusions, orally on the other days). Acetaminophen 650 mg to 1,000 mg orally (or equivalent). H2 antagonist Diphenhydramine 25 mg to 50 mg orally or intravenously (or equivalent). The intravenous route is preferred for at least the first 4 infusions. The above recommended dose of dexamethasone (orally or intravenously) corresponds to the dose to be administered before infusion as part of the premedication and part of the backbone treatment. Administer dexamethasone before SARCLISA and pomalidomide, before SARCLISA and carfilzomib, and before SARCLISA, bortezomib, and lenalidomide administration. Administer the recommended premedication agents 15 to 60 minutes prior to starting a SARCLISA infusion. Recommended Antimicrobial Prophylaxis Initiate antibacterial and antiviral prophylaxis (such as herpes zoster prophylaxis) if needed based on standard guidelines [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] . 2.3 Dosage Modifications No dose reduction of SARCLISA is recommended. Dose delay may be required to allow recovery of blood counts in the event of hematological toxicity [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3 , 5.5) ] . For information concerning drugs given in combination with SARCLISA, see manufacturer's prescribing information. 2.4 Preparation Prepare the solution for infusion using aseptic technique as follows: Calculate the dose (mg) of required SARCLISA based on actual patient weight (measured prior to each cycle to have the administered dose adjusted accordingly) [see Dosage and Administration (2.1) ] . More than one SARCLISA vial may be necessary to obtain the required dose for the patient. Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. Remove the volume of diluent from the 250 mL Sodium Chloride Injection, or 5% Dextrose Injection, diluent bag that is equal to the required volume of SARCLISA injection. Withdraw the necessary volume of SARCLISA injection from the vial and dilute by adding to the infusion bag of 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, or 5% Dextrose Injection. Discard any unused portion left in the vial. The infusion bag must be made of polyolefins (PO), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) or ethyl vinyl acetate (EVA). Gently homogenize the diluted solution by inverting the bag. Do not shake. 2.5 Administration Administer the infusion solution by intravenous infusion using an intravenous tubing infusion set (in PE, PVC with or without DEHP, polybutadiene [PBD], or polyurethane [PU]) with a 0.22 micron in-line filter (polyethersulfone [PES], polysulfone, or nylon). The infusion solution should be administered for a period of time that will depend on the infusion rate (see Table 3 ). Use prepared SARCLISA infusion solution within 48 hours when stored refrigerated at 2°C to 8°C, followed by 8 hours (including the infusion time) at room temperature. Do not administer SARCLISA infusion solution concomitantly in the same intravenous line with other agents. On the days where both SARCLISA and carfilzomib are administered, administer dexamethasone first, followed by SARCLISA infusion, then followed by carfilzomib infusion. Infusion Rates Following dilution, administer the SARCLISA infusion solution intravenously at the infusion rates presented in Table 3. Incremental escalation of the infusion rate should be considered only in the absence of infusion-related reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) and Adverse Reactions (6.1) ] . Table 3: Infusion Rates of SARCLISA Administration Dilution Volume Initial Rate Absence of Infusion-Related Reaction Rate Increment Maximum Rate First infusion 250 mL 25 mL/hour For 60 minutes 25 mL/hour every 30 minutes 150 mL/hour Second infusion 250 mL 50 mL/hour For 30 minutes 50 mL/hour for 30 minutes then increase by 100 mL/hour 200 mL/hour Subsequent infusions 250 mL 200 mL/hour – – 200 mL/hour
Adverse Reactions Table
Adverse Reactions | SARCLISA + Pomalidomide + Dexamethasone (Isa-Pd) | Pomalidomide + Dexamethasone (Pd) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(N=152) | (N=149) | |||||
All Grades (%) | Grade 3 (%) | Grade 4 (%) | All Grades (%) | Grade 3 (%) | Grade 4 (%) | |
CTCAE version 4.03 | ||||||
General disorders and administration site conditions | ||||||
Infusion-related reaction | 38 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Infections | ||||||
Upper respiratory tract infection | 57 | 9 | 0 | 42 | 3.4 | 0 |
Pneumonia | 31 | 22 | 3.3 | 23 | 16 | 2.7 |
Blood and lymphatic system disorders | ||||||
Febrile neutropenia | 12 | 11 | 1.3 | 2 | 1.3 | 0.7 |
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | ||||||
Dyspnea | 17 | 5 | 0 | 12 | 1.3 | 0 |
Gastrointestinal disorders | ||||||
Diarrhea | 26 | 2 | 0 | 19 | 0.7 | 0 |
Nausea | 15 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 0 |
Vomiting | 12 | 1.3 | 0 | 3.4 | 0 | 0 |
Drug Interactions
7 DRUG INTERACTIONS 7.1 Laboratory Test Interference Interference with Serological Testing SARCLISA, an anti-CD38 antibody, may interfere with blood bank serologic tests with false positive reactions in indirect antiglobulin tests (indirect Coombs tests), antibody detection (screening) tests, antibody identification panels, and antihuman globulin crossmatches in patients treated with SARCLISA [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5) ] . Interference with Serum Protein Electrophoresis and Immunofixation Tests SARCLISA may be incidentally detected by serum protein electrophoresis and immunofixation assays used for the monitoring of M-protein and may interfere with accurate response classification based on International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) criteria [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5) ] . In patients with persistent very good partial response, where interference is suspected, consider using an FDA-cleared isatuximab-irfc-specific IFE assay to distinguish isatuximab from any remaining endogenous M protein in the patient's serum to facilitate determination of a complete response.
Clinical Pharmacology
12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 12.1 Mechanism of Action Isatuximab-irfc is an IgG1-derived monoclonal antibody that binds to CD38 expressed on the surface of hematopoietic and tumor cells, including multiple myeloma cells. Isatuximab-irfc induces apoptosis of tumor cells and activation of immune effector mechanisms including antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP), and complement dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). Isatuximab-irfc inhibits the ADP-ribosyl cyclase activity of CD38. Isatuximab-irfc can activate natural killer (NK) cells in the absence of CD38-positive target tumor cells and suppresses CD38-positive T-regulatory cells. The combination of isatuximab-irfc and pomalidomide enhanced ADCC activity and direct tumor cell killing compared to that of isatuximab-irfc alone in vitro , and enhanced antitumor activity compared to the activity of isatuximab-irfc or pomalidomide alone in a human multiple myeloma xenograft model. 12.2 Pharmacodynamics In multiple myeloma patients treated with SARCLISA combined with pomalidomide and dexamethasone, a decrease in absolute counts of total NK cells (including inflammatory CD16+ low CD56+ bright and cytotoxic CD16+ bright CD56+ dim NK cells) and CD19+ B cells was observed in peripheral blood. Cardiac Electrophysiology Up to 2 times the approved recommended dose, SARCLISA does not prolong the QT interval to any clinically relevant extent. A relationship between isatuximab-irfc exposure and overall response rate and progression-free survival was observed. No apparent relationship was observed between an increase of isatuximab-irfc exposure and adverse reactions. 12.3 Pharmacokinetics Following administration of isatuximab-irfc in combination with pomalidomide and dexamethasone at the recommended dose and schedule, the steady-state mean (CV%) predicted maximum plasma concentration (C max ) and area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of isatuximab-irfc were 351 µg/mL (36.0%) and 72,600 µg∙h/mL (51.7%), respectively. Following administration of isatuximab-irfc in combination with carfilzomib and dexamethasone at the recommended dose and schedule, the steady state mean (CV%) predicted C max and AUC of isatuximab-irfc were 655 µg/mL (30.8%) and 159,000 µg∙h/mL (37.1%), respectively. The median time to reach steady state of isatuximab-irfc was 18 weeks with a 3.1-fold accumulation. Following administration of isatuximab-irfc in combination with bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone at the recommended dose and schedule, the mean (CV%) predicted C max and AUC of isatuximab-irfc after the dose on Week 21 were 496 µg/mL (25.6%) and 120,000 µg∙h/mL (28.9%), respectively. The geometric mean (CV%) of accumulation ratio between steady state AUC and AUC after the dose on Week 21 is predicted to be 1.4 (35.8%). Isatuximab-irfc AUC increases in a greater than dose proportional manner over a dosage range from 1 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg (0.1 to 2 times the approved recommended dosage) every 2 weeks. Isatuximab-irfc AUC increases proportionally over a dosage range from 5 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg (0.5 to 2 times the approved recommended dosage) every week for 4 weeks followed by every 2 weeks. Distribution The mean (CV%) predicted total volume of distribution of isatuximab-irfc is of 8.13 L (26.2%). Metabolism Isatuximab-irfc is expected to be metabolized into small peptides by catabolic pathways. Elimination Isatuximab-irfc total clearance decreased with increasing dose and with multiple doses. At steady state, the near elimination (≥99%) of isatuximab-irfc from plasma after the last dose is predicted to occur in approximately 2 months. The elimination of isatuximab-irfc was similar when given as a single agent or as combination therapy. Specific Populations The following factors have no clinically meaningful effect on the exposure of isatuximab-irfc: age (36 to 85 years, 70 patients were ≥75 years old), sex, renal impairment including patients with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) or on dialysis (eGFR <90 mL/min/1.73 m 2 ), and mild hepatic impairment (total bilirubin ≤ upper limit of normal [ULN] and aspartate aminotransferase [AST] >ULN, or total bilirubin >1 to 1.5 × ULN and any AST). The effect of moderate (total bilirubin >1.5 to 3 × ULN and any AST) and severe (total bilirubin >3 × ULN and any AST) hepatic impairment on isatuximab-irfc pharmacokinetics is unknown. No dose adjustments are recommended in these specific patient populations. Body weight The clearance of isatuximab-irfc increased with increasing body weight. Race White (n=377, 79%) or Asian (n=25, 5%) race have no clinically meaningful effect on the exposure of isatuximab-irfc. The effect of Black (n=18, 4%) race on the exposure of isatuximab-irfc is unknown. 12.6 Immunogenicity The observed incidence of anti-drug antibodies is highly dependent on the sensitivity and specificity of the assay. Differences in assay methods preclude meaningful comparisons of the incidence of anti-drug antibodies in the studies described below with the incidence of anti-drug antibodies in other studies, including those of isatuximab-irfc or of other isatuximab products. Overall, across 9 clinical studies in relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) with SARCLISA single-agent and combination therapies including ICARIA-MM and IKEMA (N=1023), the incidence of treatment emergent anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) was <2%. In ICARIA-MM and IKEMA, no patients with RRMM tested positive for ADA. Therefore, the neutralizing ADA status was not determined. In RRMM, no effect of ADAs was observed on the pharmacokinetics, safety, or efficacy of SARCLISA. In IMROZ, out of the 263 patients with NDMM treated with SARCLISA in combination with bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone, 253 were evaluable for the presence of ADA, 22 patients (8.7%) tested positive for treatment-emergent ADAs, with 21 patients considered to have a transient ADA response and 1 considered to have an indeterminate ADA response. Among these 22 ADA-positive patients, 13 (5.9%) had neutralizing antibodies. In IMROZ, a trend to lower exposure was observed in ADA-positive patients, which was considered not clinically relevant. In patients with ADA-positive status to SARCLISA, including those with neutralizing antibodies, no meaningful impact of ADAs on safety or efficacy of SARCLISA was observed.
Mechanism Of Action
12.1 Mechanism of Action Isatuximab-irfc is an IgG1-derived monoclonal antibody that binds to CD38 expressed on the surface of hematopoietic and tumor cells, including multiple myeloma cells. Isatuximab-irfc induces apoptosis of tumor cells and activation of immune effector mechanisms including antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP), and complement dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). Isatuximab-irfc inhibits the ADP-ribosyl cyclase activity of CD38. Isatuximab-irfc can activate natural killer (NK) cells in the absence of CD38-positive target tumor cells and suppresses CD38-positive T-regulatory cells. The combination of isatuximab-irfc and pomalidomide enhanced ADCC activity and direct tumor cell killing compared to that of isatuximab-irfc alone in vitro , and enhanced antitumor activity compared to the activity of isatuximab-irfc or pomalidomide alone in a human multiple myeloma xenograft model.
Pharmacodynamics
12.2 Pharmacodynamics In multiple myeloma patients treated with SARCLISA combined with pomalidomide and dexamethasone, a decrease in absolute counts of total NK cells (including inflammatory CD16+ low CD56+ bright and cytotoxic CD16+ bright CD56+ dim NK cells) and CD19+ B cells was observed in peripheral blood. Cardiac Electrophysiology Up to 2 times the approved recommended dose, SARCLISA does not prolong the QT interval to any clinically relevant extent. A relationship between isatuximab-irfc exposure and overall response rate and progression-free survival was observed. No apparent relationship was observed between an increase of isatuximab-irfc exposure and adverse reactions.
Pharmacokinetics
12.3 Pharmacokinetics Following administration of isatuximab-irfc in combination with pomalidomide and dexamethasone at the recommended dose and schedule, the steady-state mean (CV%) predicted maximum plasma concentration (C max ) and area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of isatuximab-irfc were 351 µg/mL (36.0%) and 72,600 µg∙h/mL (51.7%), respectively. Following administration of isatuximab-irfc in combination with carfilzomib and dexamethasone at the recommended dose and schedule, the steady state mean (CV%) predicted C max and AUC of isatuximab-irfc were 655 µg/mL (30.8%) and 159,000 µg∙h/mL (37.1%), respectively. The median time to reach steady state of isatuximab-irfc was 18 weeks with a 3.1-fold accumulation. Following administration of isatuximab-irfc in combination with bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone at the recommended dose and schedule, the mean (CV%) predicted C max and AUC of isatuximab-irfc after the dose on Week 21 were 496 µg/mL (25.6%) and 120,000 µg∙h/mL (28.9%), respectively. The geometric mean (CV%) of accumulation ratio between steady state AUC and AUC after the dose on Week 21 is predicted to be 1.4 (35.8%). Isatuximab-irfc AUC increases in a greater than dose proportional manner over a dosage range from 1 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg (0.1 to 2 times the approved recommended dosage) every 2 weeks. Isatuximab-irfc AUC increases proportionally over a dosage range from 5 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg (0.5 to 2 times the approved recommended dosage) every week for 4 weeks followed by every 2 weeks. Distribution The mean (CV%) predicted total volume of distribution of isatuximab-irfc is of 8.13 L (26.2%). Metabolism Isatuximab-irfc is expected to be metabolized into small peptides by catabolic pathways. Elimination Isatuximab-irfc total clearance decreased with increasing dose and with multiple doses. At steady state, the near elimination (≥99%) of isatuximab-irfc from plasma after the last dose is predicted to occur in approximately 2 months. The elimination of isatuximab-irfc was similar when given as a single agent or as combination therapy. Specific Populations The following factors have no clinically meaningful effect on the exposure of isatuximab-irfc: age (36 to 85 years, 70 patients were ≥75 years old), sex, renal impairment including patients with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) or on dialysis (eGFR <90 mL/min/1.73 m 2 ), and mild hepatic impairment (total bilirubin ≤ upper limit of normal [ULN] and aspartate aminotransferase [AST] >ULN, or total bilirubin >1 to 1.5 × ULN and any AST). The effect of moderate (total bilirubin >1.5 to 3 × ULN and any AST) and severe (total bilirubin >3 × ULN and any AST) hepatic impairment on isatuximab-irfc pharmacokinetics is unknown. No dose adjustments are recommended in these specific patient populations. Body weight The clearance of isatuximab-irfc increased with increasing body weight. Race White (n=377, 79%) or Asian (n=25, 5%) race have no clinically meaningful effect on the exposure of isatuximab-irfc. The effect of Black (n=18, 4%) race on the exposure of isatuximab-irfc is unknown.
Effective Time
20241106
Version
16
Dosage And Administration Table
Cycles | Dosing schedules |
---|---|
Cycle 1 (28-day cycle) | Days 1, 8, 15, and 22 (weekly) |
Cycle 2 and beyond (28-day cycles) | Days 1, 15 (every 2 weeks) |
Dosage Forms And Strengths
3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS SARCLISA is a clear to slightly opalescent, colorless to slightly yellow solution, essentially free of visible particulates available as: Injection: 100 mg/5 mL (20 mg/mL) in a single-dose vial Injection: 500 mg/25 mL (20 mg/mL) in a single-dose vial Injection: 100 mg/5 mL (20 mg/mL) solution in single-dose vial ( 3 ) 500 mg/25 mL (20 mg/mL) solution in single-dose vial ( 3 )
Spl Product Data Elements
Sarclisa isatuximab ISATUXIMAB ISATUXIMAB SUCROSE HISTIDINE MONOHYDROCHLORIDE MONOHYDRATE HISTIDINE POLYSORBATE 80 WATER Sarclisa isatuximab ISATUXIMAB ISATUXIMAB SUCROSE HISTIDINE MONOHYDROCHLORIDE MONOHYDRATE HISTIDINE POLYSORBATE 80 WATER
Carcinogenesis And Mutagenesis And Impairment Of Fertility
13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility Carcinogenicity and genotoxicity studies have not been conducted with isatuximab-irfc. Fertility studies have not been conducted with isatuximab-irfc.
Nonclinical Toxicology
13 NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY 13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility Carcinogenicity and genotoxicity studies have not been conducted with isatuximab-irfc. Fertility studies have not been conducted with isatuximab-irfc.
Application Number
BLA761113
Brand Name
Sarclisa
Generic Name
isatuximab
Product Ndc
0024-0654
Product Type
HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG
Route
INTRAVENOUS
Package Label Principal Display Panel
PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 100 mg/5 mL Vial Carton NDC 0024-0654-01 Rx only SARCLISA ® (isatuximab-irfc) Injection 100 mg/5 mL (20 mg/mL) For Intravenous Infusion After Dilution One single-dose vial Discard unused portion sanofi PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 100 mg/5 mL Vial Carton
Recent Major Changes
Indications and Usage ( 1 ) 9/2024 Dosage and Administration ( 2.1 , 2.2 ) 9/2024 Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 , 5.2 , 5.3 , 5.4 , 5.5 ) 10/2024
Recent Major Changes Table
Indications and Usage ( | 9/2024 |
Dosage and Administration ( | 9/2024 |
Warnings and Precautions ( | 10/2024 |
Spl Unclassified Section
Manufactured by: sanofi-aventis U.S. LLC Bridgewater, NJ 08807 A SANOFI COMPANY U.S. License No. 1752 SARCLISA is a registered trademark of Sanofi ©2024 sanofi-aventis U.S. LLC
Information For Patients
17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION Advise the patient to read the FDA-approved patient labeling (Patient Information). Infusion-Related Reaction Advise patients to seek immediate medical attention for any of the following signs and symptoms of infusion-related reactions: shortness of breath, wheezing or trouble breathing; swelling of the face, mouth, throat, or tongue; throat tightness; palpitations; dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting; headache; cough; rash or itching; nausea; runny or stuffy nose; or chills [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] . Infections Inform patients about the risk of developing infections during SARCLISA treatment, and to report immediately any fever or symptoms of infection to their healthcare provider [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] . Neutropenia Inform patients about the risk of neutropenia and infection during SARCLISA treatment and the importance of reporting immediately any fever or symptoms of infection to their healthcare provider [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) and Adverse Reactions (6.1) ] . Second Primary Malignancies Inform patients of the risk of developing second primary malignancies during treatment with SARCLISA when given with pomalidomide and dexamethasone or with carfilzomib and dexamethasone, or with bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4) ] . Cardiac Toxicities Inform patients about the risk of cardiac failure during treatment with SARCLISA when given with carfilzomib and dexamethasone, and the importance of reporting immediately any difficulty breathing, cough, or leg swelling to their healthcare provider [see Adverse Reactions (6.1) ] . Interference with Laboratory Tests Advise patients to inform healthcare providers and transfusion center personnel that they are treated with SARCLISA in case a red blood cell transfusion is planned. Advise patients that SARCLISA may affect the results of blood tests to match their blood type for approximately 6 months after their last infusion of SARCLISA [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5) and Drug Interactions (7.1) ] . Embryo-Fetal Toxicity Advise pregnant women and females of reproductive potential of the potential risk to a fetus and to use effective contraception during treatment and for 5 months after the last dose of SARCLISA [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1 , 8.3) ] . Advise patients that pomalidomide or lenalidomide have the potential to cause fetal harm and have specific requirements regarding contraception, pregnancy testing, blood and sperm donation, and transmission in sperm. Advise patients to report suspected or known pregnancies. Pomalidomide and lenalidomide are only available through a REMS program [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1 , 8.3) ] .
Spl Patient Package Insert Table
This Patient Information has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. | Revised: 10/2024 | |||
Patient Information SARCLISA® (sar-cli-sa) (isatuximab-irfc) injection | ||||
SARCLISA is used together with two or three other combinations of medicines: either pomalidomide and dexamethasone, or carfilzomib and dexamethasone, or bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone. You should also read the Medication Guide that comes with pomalidomide and lenalidomide. You can ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist for information about carfilzomib and dexamethasone. | ||||
What is SARCLISA? SARCLISA is a prescription medicine used in combination with: | ||||
Do not receive SARCLISA if you have a severe allergic reaction to isatuximab-irfc or any of the ingredients in SARCLISA. See the end of this leaflet for complete list of ingredients in SARCLISA. | ||||
Before receiving SARCLISA, tell your healthcare provider about all of your medical conditions, including if you: | ||||
How will I receive SARCLISA? | ||||
What are the possible side effects of SARCLISA? SARCLISA may cause serious side effects including: | ||||
The most common side effects of SARCLISA in combination with pomalidomide and dexamethasone include: | ||||
The most common side effects of SARCLISA in combination with carfilzomib and dexamethasone include: | ||||
The most common side effects of SARCLISA in combination with bortezomib, lenalidomide and dexamethasone include: | ||||
Heart failure can happen during treatment with SARCLISA in combination with carfilzomib and dexamethasone. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you develop any of the following symptoms: | ||||
These are not all the possible side effects of SARCLISA. For more information, ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist. | ||||
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088. | ||||
General information about the safe and effective use of SARCLISA. Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in a Patient Information leaflet. You can ask your pharmacist or healthcare provider for information about SARCLISA that is written for health professionals. | ||||
What are the ingredients in SARCLISA? Active ingredient: isatuximab-irfc Inactive ingredients: histidine, histidine hydrochloride monohydrate, polysorbate 80, sucrose, and water for injection. Manufactured by: sanofi-aventis U.S. LLC, Bridgewater, NJ 08807, A SANOFI COMPANY. U.S. License No. 1752. SARCLISA is a registered trademark of Sanofi. ©2024 sanofi-aventis U.S. LLC. For more information, go to www.sanofi-aventis.us or call 1-800-633-1610. |
Clinical Studies
14 CLINICAL STUDIES Relapsed and/or Refractory Multiple Myeloma ICARIA-MM The efficacy and safety of SARCLISA in combination with pomalidomide and dexamethasone (Isa-Pd) were evaluated in ICARIA-MM (NCT02990338), a multicenter, multinational, randomized, open-label, 2-arm, phase 3 study in patients with relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma. Patients had received at least two prior therapies including lenalidomide and a proteasome inhibitor. Patients were eligible for inclusion if they had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) status of 0–2, platelets ≥75,000 cells/mm 3 , absolute neutrophil count ≥1 × 10 9 /L, creatinine clearance ≥30 mL/min/1.73 m 2 (MDRD formula), AST ≤3 × ULN, and ALT ≤3 × ULN. A total of 307 patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive either SARCLISA in combination with pomalidomide and dexamethasone (Isa-Pd, 154 patients) or pomalidomide and dexamethasone (Pd, 153 patients). Treatment was administered in both groups in 28-day cycles until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. SARCLISA 10 mg/kg was administered as an intravenous infusion weekly in the first cycle and every two weeks thereafter. Pomalidomide 4 mg was taken orally once daily from day 1 to day 21 of each 28-day cycle. Dexamethasone (orally or intravenously) 40 mg (20 mg for patients ≥75 years of age) was given on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 for each 28-day cycle. Overall, demographic and disease characteristics at baseline were similar between the two treatment groups. The median patient age was 67 years (range 36–86), 20% of patients were ≥75 years; 79% of patients were White, 12% Asian, and 1% Black or African American; 10% of patients entered the study with a history of COPD or asthma. The proportion of patients with renal impairment (creatinine clearance <60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 ) was 34%. The International Staging System (ISS) stage at study entry was I in 37%, II in 36% and III in 25% of patients. Overall, 20% of patients had high-risk chromosomal abnormalities at study entry; del(17p), t(4;14) and t(14;16) were present in 12%, 8% and 2% of patients, respectively. The median number of prior lines of therapy was 3 (range 2–11). All patients received a prior proteasome inhibitor, all patients received prior lenalidomide, and 56% of patients received prior stem cell transplantation; the majority of patients (93%) were refractory to lenalidomide, 76% to a proteasome inhibitor, and 73% to both an immunomodulator and a proteasome inhibitor. The median duration of treatment was 41 weeks for Isa-Pd group compared to 24 weeks for Pd group. The efficacy of SARCLISA was based upon progression-free survival (PFS). PFS results were assessed by an Independent Response Committee based on central laboratory data for M-protein and central radiologic imaging review using the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) criteria. The improvement in PFS represented a 40% reduction in the risk of disease progression or death in patients treated with Isa-Pd. Efficacy results are presented in Table 10 and Kaplan-Meier curve for PFS is provided in Figure 1. Table 10: Efficacy of SARCLISA in Combination with Pomalidomide and Dexamethasone versus Pomalidomide and Dexamethasone in the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma (ICARIA-MM) Endpoint SARCLISA + Pomalidomide + Dexamethasone N=154 Pomalidomide + Dexamethasone N=153 Progression-Free Survival Median (months) [95% CI] 11.53 [8.94–13.9] 6.47 [4.47–8.28] Hazard ratio Stratified-on age (<75 years versus ≥75 years) and number of previous lines of therapy (2 or 3 vs >3) according to IRT. [95% CI] 0.596 [0.44–0.81] p-value (stratified log-rank test) 0.0010 Overall Response Rate sCR, CR, VGPR and PR were evaluated by the IRC using the IMWG response criteria. Responders (sCR+CR+VGPR+PR) n (%) [95% CI] Estimated using Clopper-Pearson method. 93 (60.4) [52.2–68.2] 54 (35.3) [27.8–43.4] p-value (stratified Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel) <0.0001 Stringent Complete Response (sCR) + Complete Response (CR) n (%) 7 (4.5) 3 (2) Very Good Partial Response (VGPR) n (%) 42 (27.3) 10 (6.5) Partial Response (PR) n (%) 44 (28.6) 41 (26.8) The median time to first response in responders was 35 days in the Isa-Pd group versus 58 days in the Pd group. The median duration of response was 13.3 months (95% CI: 10.6-NR) in the Isa-Pd group versus 11.1 months (95% CI: 8.5-NR) in the Pd group. At a median follow-up time of 52.4 months, final median overall survival was 24.6 months in the Isa-Pd group and 17.7 months in the Pd group (HR=0.776; 95% CI: 0.594 to 1.015). Figure 1: Kaplan-Meier Curves of PFS – ITT Population – ICARIA-MM (assessment by the IRC) Figure 1 IKEMA The efficacy and safety of SARCLISA in combination with carfilzomib and dexamethasone were evaluated in IKEMA (NCT03275285), a multicenter, multinational, randomized, open-label, 2-arm, phase 3 study in patients with relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma. Patients had received one to three prior lines of therapy. Patients were eligible for inclusion if they had an ECOG status of 0–2, platelets ≥50,000 cells/mm 3 , absolute neutrophil count ≥1 × 10 9 /L, creatinine clearance ≥15 mL/min/1.73 m 2 (MDRD formula), AST ≤3 × ULN, and ALT ≤3 × ULN. A total of 302 patients were randomized in a 3:2 ratio to receive either SARCLISA in combination with carfilzomib and dexamethasone (Isa-Kd, 179 patients) or carfilzomib and dexamethasone (Kd, 123 patients). Treatment was administered in both groups in 28-day cycles until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. SARCLISA 10 mg/kg was administered as an intravenous infusion weekly in the first cycle and every two weeks thereafter. Carfilzomib was administered as an intravenous infusion at the dose of 20 mg/m 2 on days 1 and 2; 56 mg/m 2 on days 8, 9, 15, and 16 of cycle 1; and at the dose of 56 mg/m 2 on days 1, 2, 8, 9, 15, and 16 for subsequent cycles of each 28-day cycle. Dexamethasone (intravenously on the days of isatuximab-irfc and/or carfilzomib infusions, and orally on the other days) 20 mg was given on days 1, 2, 8, 9, 15, 16, 22, and 23 for each 28-day cycle. On the days where both SARCLISA and carfilzomib were administered, dexamethasone was administered first, followed by SARCLISA infusion, then followed by carfilzomib infusion. Overall, demographic and disease characteristics at baseline were similar between the two treatment groups. The median patient age was 64 years (range 33–90), 9% of patients were ≥75 years, 71% were White, 17% Asian, and 3% Black or African American. The proportion of patients with renal impairment (eGFR<60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 ) was 24% in the Isa-Kd group versus 15% in the Kd group. The International Staging System (ISS) stage at study entry was I in 53%, II in 31%, and III in 15% of patients. Overall, 24% of patients had high-risk chromosomal abnormalities at study entry; del(17p), t(4;14), t(14;16) were present in 11%, 14%, and 2% of patients, respectively. In addition, gain(1q21) was present in 42% of patients. The median number of prior lines of therapy was 2 (range 1–4) with 44% of patients who received 1 prior line of therapy. Overall, 90% of patients received prior proteasome inhibitors, 78% received prior immunomodulators (including 43% who received prior lenalidomide), and 61% received prior stem cell transplantation. Overall, 33% of patients were refractory to prior proteasome inhibitors, 45% were refractory to prior immunomodulators (including 33% refractory to lenalidomide), and 21% were refractory to both a proteasome inhibitor and an immunomodulator. The median duration of treatment was 80 weeks for the Isa-Kd group compared to 61 weeks for the Kd group. The efficacy of SARCLISA was based upon PFS. PFS results were assessed by an Independent Response Committee based on central laboratory data for M-protein and central radiologic imaging review using the IMWG criteria. The improvement in PFS represented a 45% reduction in the risk of disease progression or death in patients treated with Isa-Kd compared to patients treated with Kd. Efficacy results are presented in Table 11 and Kaplan-Meier curves for PFS are provided in Figure 2. Table 11 Results are based on a prespecified interim analysis. , Median follow-up time 20.7 months. : Efficacy of SARCLISA in Combination with Carfilzomib and Dexamethasone versus Carfilzomib and Dexamethasone in the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma (IKEMA) Endpoint SARCLISA + Carfilzomib + Dexamethasone N=179 Carfilzomib + Dexamethasone N=123 NR: not reached. Progression-Free Survival PFS results were assessed by the IRC based on central laboratory data for M-protein and central radiologic imaging review using the IMWG criteria. A comparison is considered statistically significant if the p-value is <0.008 (efficacy boundary). Median (months) [95% CI] NR [NR– NR] 20.27 [15.77– NR] Hazard ratio Stratified on number of previous lines of therapy (1 versus >1) and R-ISS (I or II versus III versus not classified) according to IRT. [95% CI] 0.548 [0.366–0.822] p-value (stratified log-rank test) 0.0032 Overall Response Rate sCR, CR, VGPR, and PR were evaluated by the IRC using the IMWG response criteria. Responders (sCR+CR+VGPR+PR) n (%) [95% CI] Estimated using Clopper-Pearson method. 155 (86.6) [80.7–91.2] 102 (82.9) [75.1–89.1] p-value (stratified Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel) 0.3859 Complete Response (CR) n (%) 71 (39.7) 34 (27.6) Very Good Partial Response (VGPR) n (%) 59 (33) 35 (28.5) Partial Response (PR) n (%) 25 (14) 33 (26.8) Figure 2: Kaplan-Meier Curves of PFS – ITT Population – IKEMA (assessment by the IRC) At a median follow-up time of 44.0 months, final PFS analysis showed a median PFS of 41.7 months for Isa-Kd group compared to 20.8 months for Kd group, with a hazard ratio of 0.594 (95.4% CI: 0.424 to 0.832). Final complete response, determined using a FDA-cleared isatuximab-irfc-specific IFE assay [see Drug Interactions (7.1) ] , was 44.1% in Isa-Kd group compared to 28.5% in Kd group. At a median follow-up time of 57 months, median overall survival was not reached in the Isa-Kd group (95% CI: 52.172–NR) and was 50.6 months in Kd group (95% CI: 38.932–NR) (HR=0.855; 95% CI: 0.608–1.202). Figure 2 Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma IMROZ The efficacy of SARCLISA in combination with bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone was evaluated in IMROZ (NCT03319667), a multicenter, international, randomized, open-label, 2-arm, phase 3 study in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma who are not eligible for stem cell transplantation. Patients were eligible for inclusion if they had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) status of 0 or 1, platelets ≥70,000 cells/mm 3 , absolute neutrophil count ≥1 × 10 9 /L, creatinine clearance ≥30 mL/min/1.73 m 2 (MDRD formula), AST ≤3 × ULN, and ALT ≤3 × ULN. A total of 446 patients were randomized in a 3:2 ratio to receive either SARCLISA in combination with bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (Isa-VRd, 265 patients) or bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (VRd, 181 patients). Treatment was administered in both groups during 4 cycles of 42-days each for the induction period. After completion of cycle 4, patients entered the continuous treatment period starting from cycle 5, in which 28-day cycles were administered up to disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. During the continuous treatment period, patients of the Isa-VRd group received SARCLISA in combination with lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (Isa-Rd), and patients in the VRd group received lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (Rd). During the induction period (cycle 1 to 4, 42-day cycles), SARCLISA 10 mg/kg was administered as an intravenous infusion on day 1, 8, 15, 22, and 29, in the first cycle and on day 1, 15, and 29, from cycle 2 to 4. Bortezomib was administered subcutaneously at the dose of 1.3 mg/m 2 on days 1, 4, 8, 11, 22, 25, 29, and 32 of each cycle. Lenalidomide was administered orally at the dose of 25 mg/day from day 1 to 14 and from day 22 to 35 of each cycle. Dexamethasone (intravenously on the days of SARCLISA infusions, and orally on the other days) 20 mg/day was given on days 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 9, 11, 12, 15, 22, 23, 25, 26, 29, 30, 32, and 33 of each cycle. During the continuous treatment period (from cycle 5, 28-day cycles), SARCLISA 10 mg/kg was administered as an IV infusion on day 1 and 15 from cycle 5 to 17, and on day 1 from cycle 18. Lenalidomide was administered orally at the dose of 25 mg/day from day 1 to 21 of each cycle. Dexamethasone (intravenously on the days of SARCLISA infusions, and orally on the other days) 20 mg/day was given on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of each cycle. The median patient age was 72 years (range 55–80), 28% of patients were ≥75 years; 72% of patients were White, 11% Asian, and 0.9% Black or African American. The proportion of patients with renal impairment (eGFR<60 mL/min/1.73m 2 ) was 29%. The Revised International Staging System (R-ISS) stage at study entry was I in 23%, II in 64%, and III in 10% of patients. Overall, 17% of patients had high-risk chromosomal abnormalities at study entry; del(17p), t(4;14), and t(14;16) were present in 5%, 9% and 2% of patients, respectively. In addition, 1q21+ was present in 37% of patients. The efficacy of SARCLISA was established based upon progression-free survival (PFS). PFS results were assessed by an Independent Response Committee based on central laboratory data for M-protein and central radiologic imaging review using the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) criteria. The improvement in PFS represented a 40% reduction in the risk of disease progression or death in patients treated with Isa-VRd. Efficacy results are presented in Table 12 and Kaplan-Meier curves for PFS are provided in Figure 3: Table 12 – Efficacy Results of SARCLISA in combination with bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone versus bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (IMROZ) Endpoint SARCLISA + bortezomib + lenalidomide + dexamethasone N =265 Bortezomib + lenalidomide + dexamethasone N = 181 NR: not reached. Median follow-up time=60 months. Progression-Free Survival Based on ITT population. Median (months) [95% CI] NR [NR–NR] 54.34 [45.21–NR] Hazard ratio Stratified by age (<70 years vs ≥70 years) and Revised International Staging System (R-ISS) stage (I or II vs. III or not classified) according to IRT. [95% CI] 0.60 [0.44–0.81] p-value (Stratified Log-Rank test) A comparison is considered statistically significant if the p-value is <0.0148. 0.0009 Overall Response Rate sCR, CR, VGPR, and PR were evaluated by the IRC using the IMWG response criteria. Responders (sCR+CR+VGPR+PR) N(%) [95% CI] Estimated using Clopper-Pearson method. 242 (91) [87–94] 167 (92) [87–96] Stringent Complete Response (sCR) N(%) 29 (11) 10 (6) Complete Response (CR) N(%) 169 (64) 106 (59) Very Good Partial Response (VGPR) N(%) 38 (14) 34 (19) Partial Response (PR) N(%) 6 (2.3) 17 (9) CR or better (sCR and CR) Other efficacy endpoints of CR and MRD negativity CR were tested hierarchically after PFS. N(%) [95% CI] 198 (75) [69–80] 116 (64) [57–71] p-value (Stratified Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel) 0.0160 Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) MRD negativity rate Patients achieved both MRD negativity (threshold of 10 -5 ) and response of CR or better. Based on a sensitivity level of 10 -5 by the next-generation sequencing assay (clonoSEQ). N(%) [95% CI] 147 (55) [49–62] 74 (41) [34–48] p-value (Stratified Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel) 0.0026 Number of patients with CR or better (sCR and CR) 198 116 MRD negativity rate in patients with CR or better N(%) 147 (74) [68–80] 74 (64) [54–73] [95% CI] Median overall survival was not reached for either treatment group. At a median follow-up time of 60 months, 26% of patients in the Isa-VRd group and 32.6% of patients in the VRd group had died (HR=0.78; 95% CI: 0.55 to 1.1). Figure 3 – Kaplan-Meier Curves of PFS – ITT population – IMROZ Figure 3
Clinical Studies Table
Endpoint | SARCLISA + Pomalidomide + Dexamethasone N=154 | Pomalidomide + Dexamethasone N=153 |
---|---|---|
Progression-Free Survival | ||
Median (months) [95% CI] | 11.53 [8.94–13.9] | 6.47 [4.47–8.28] |
Hazard ratio | 0.596 [0.44–0.81] | |
p-value | 0.0010 | |
Overall Response Rate | 93 (60.4) [52.2–68.2] | 54 (35.3) [27.8–43.4] |
p-value (stratified Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel) | <0.0001 | |
Stringent Complete Response (sCR) + Complete Response (CR) n (%) | 7 (4.5) | 3 (2) |
Very Good Partial Response (VGPR) n (%) | 42 (27.3) | 10 (6.5) |
Partial Response (PR) n (%) | 44 (28.6) | 41 (26.8) |
Geriatric Use
8.5 Geriatric Use Of the total number of patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma in clinical studies of SARCLISA, 56% (n=586) were 65 years of age and older, while 16% (n=163) were 75 years of age and older [see Clinical Studies (14) ] . No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between patients 65 years of age and older compared to younger patients, and other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the adults 65 years of age and older and younger patients, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out. Of the total number of SARCLISA-treated patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma in IMROZ, 72% (n=319) were less than 75 years of age and 28% (n=125) were 75 years of age and older. The clinical trial did not enroll patients over age 80 [see Clinical Studies (14) ] . Adverse reactions occurring at a higher frequency in the SARCLISA arm (≥5%) in patients 75 years of age and older included neutropenia. Adverse reactions leading to dose modifications in patients 75 years of age and older occurred at a higher frequency (≥5%) in the SARCLISA arm. The hazard ratio for overall survival (OS) in patients 75 years of age and older was 1.25 [95% CI: 0.68 to 2.3].
Pediatric Use
8.4 Pediatric Use The safety and effectiveness of SARCLISA in pediatric patients have not been established. The safety and efficacy of SARCLISA in combination with chemotherapy were assessed, but not established, in an open-label study (ACT15378, ISAKIDS, NCT03860844) in 62 pediatric patients aged 1.4 years to < 17 years with relapsed or refractory T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), or acute myeloid leukemia (AML). No new safety signals were observed in pediatric patients in this trial. Body weight adjusted clearance at steady state and volume of distribution of isatuximab in pediatric patients were within the range of values that were observed in adults.
Pregnancy
8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary SARCLISA can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. The assessment of isatuximab-irfc-associated risks is based on the mechanism of action and data from target antigen CD38 knockout animal models (see Data ). There are no available data on SARCLISA use in pregnant women to evaluate for a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. Animal reproduction toxicity studies have not been conducted with isatuximab-irfc. The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, miscarriage, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively. The combination of SARCLISA and pomalidomide or lenalidomide is contraindicated in pregnant women because pomalidomide and lenalidomide may cause birth defects and death of the unborn child. Refer to the pomalidomide or lenalidomide prescribing information on use during pregnancy. Pomalidomide and lenalidomide are only available through a REMS program. Clinical Considerations Fetal/neonatal reactions Immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibodies are known to cross the placenta. Based on its mechanism of action, SARCLISA may cause depletion of fetal CD38-positive immune cells and decreased bone density. Defer administration of live vaccines to neonates and infants exposed to SARCLISA in utero until a hematology evaluation is completed. Data Animal data Mice that were genetically modified to eliminate all CD38 expression (CD38 knockout mice) had reduced bone density which recovered 5 months after birth. Data from studies using CD38 knockout animal models also suggest the involvement of CD38 in regulating humoral immune responses (mice), feto-maternal immune tolerance (mice), and early embryonic development (frogs).
Use In Specific Populations
8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS Lactation : Advise not to breastfeed. ( 8.2 ) 8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary SARCLISA can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. The assessment of isatuximab-irfc-associated risks is based on the mechanism of action and data from target antigen CD38 knockout animal models (see Data ). There are no available data on SARCLISA use in pregnant women to evaluate for a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. Animal reproduction toxicity studies have not been conducted with isatuximab-irfc. The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, miscarriage, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively. The combination of SARCLISA and pomalidomide or lenalidomide is contraindicated in pregnant women because pomalidomide and lenalidomide may cause birth defects and death of the unborn child. Refer to the pomalidomide or lenalidomide prescribing information on use during pregnancy. Pomalidomide and lenalidomide are only available through a REMS program. Clinical Considerations Fetal/neonatal reactions Immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibodies are known to cross the placenta. Based on its mechanism of action, SARCLISA may cause depletion of fetal CD38-positive immune cells and decreased bone density. Defer administration of live vaccines to neonates and infants exposed to SARCLISA in utero until a hematology evaluation is completed. Data Animal data Mice that were genetically modified to eliminate all CD38 expression (CD38 knockout mice) had reduced bone density which recovered 5 months after birth. Data from studies using CD38 knockout animal models also suggest the involvement of CD38 in regulating humoral immune responses (mice), feto-maternal immune tolerance (mice), and early embryonic development (frogs). 8.2 Lactation Risk Summary There are no available data on the presence of isatuximab-irfc in human milk, milk production, or the effects on the breastfed child. Maternal immunoglobulin G is known to be present in human milk. The effects of local gastrointestinal exposure and limited systemic exposure in the breastfed infant to SARCLISA are unknown. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in the breastfed child from isatuximab-irfc administered in combination with pomalidomide or lenalidomide and dexamethasone, advise lactating women not to breastfeed during treatment with SARCLISA. Refer to pomalidomide or lenalidomide prescribing information for additional information. 8.3 Females and Males of Reproductive Potential SARCLISA can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1) ] . Pregnancy Testing With the combination of SARCLISA with pomalidomide or lenalidomide, refer to the pomalidomide or lenalidomide labeling for pregnancy testing requirements prior to initiating treatment in females of reproductive potential. Contraception Females Advise female patients of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment and for 5 months after the last dose of SARCLISA. Additionally, refer to the pomalidomide or lenalidomide labeling for contraception requirements prior to initiating treatment in females of reproductive potential. Males Refer to the pomalidomide or lenalidomide prescribing information. 8.4 Pediatric Use The safety and effectiveness of SARCLISA in pediatric patients have not been established. The safety and efficacy of SARCLISA in combination with chemotherapy were assessed, but not established, in an open-label study (ACT15378, ISAKIDS, NCT03860844) in 62 pediatric patients aged 1.4 years to < 17 years with relapsed or refractory T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), or acute myeloid leukemia (AML). No new safety signals were observed in pediatric patients in this trial. Body weight adjusted clearance at steady state and volume of distribution of isatuximab in pediatric patients were within the range of values that were observed in adults. 8.5 Geriatric Use Of the total number of patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma in clinical studies of SARCLISA, 56% (n=586) were 65 years of age and older, while 16% (n=163) were 75 years of age and older [see Clinical Studies (14) ] . No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between patients 65 years of age and older compared to younger patients, and other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the adults 65 years of age and older and younger patients, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out. Of the total number of SARCLISA-treated patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma in IMROZ, 72% (n=319) were less than 75 years of age and 28% (n=125) were 75 years of age and older. The clinical trial did not enroll patients over age 80 [see Clinical Studies (14) ] . Adverse reactions occurring at a higher frequency in the SARCLISA arm (≥5%) in patients 75 years of age and older included neutropenia. Adverse reactions leading to dose modifications in patients 75 years of age and older occurred at a higher frequency (≥5%) in the SARCLISA arm. The hazard ratio for overall survival (OS) in patients 75 years of age and older was 1.25 [95% CI: 0.68 to 2.3].
How Supplied
16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING How Supplied SARCLISA (isatuximab-irfc) injection is a clear to slightly opalescent, colorless to slightly yellow solution, essentially free of visible particulates, supplied as follows: One 100 mg/5 mL (20 mg/mL) single-dose vial in a carton: NDC 0024-0654-01 One 500 mg/25 mL (20 mg/mL) single-dose vial in a carton: NDC 0024-0656-01 Storage Store in a refrigerator at 36°F to 46°F (2°C to 8°C) in the original carton to protect from light. Do not freeze. Do not shake. Handling and Disposal Discard unused portion of solution. All materials that have been utilized for dilution and administration should be disposed of according to standard procedures.
Storage And Handling
Storage Store in a refrigerator at 36°F to 46°F (2°C to 8°C) in the original carton to protect from light. Do not freeze. Do not shake.
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