Tonix Pharmaceuticals and Makana Therapeutics announce collaboration combining Tonix’s anti-CD40L monoclonal antibody (TNX 1500) with Makana’s genetically engineered organs in preclinical and clinical xenotransplantation studies

Tonix Pharmaceuticals Holding Corp. and Makana Therapeutics, Inc., a global leader in the field of xenotransplantation, announced a collaborative research agreement under which Tonix and Makana will study Tonix’s anti-CD40L (CD40 ligand, also called CD154) monoclonal antibody candidate, TNX 1500, in combination with Makana’s human-compatible organs and cells for the treatment of organ failure. The preclinical research and development collaboration has the potential to span multiple Makana programs including kidney, heart and islet cell transplant. The goal of the preclinical studies is to support the submission of an investigational new drug application (IND) to the FDA to support compassionate use for patients undergoing xenotransplantation.

“We are excited to partner with Makana in support of our mutual goal to offer novel solutions for patients requiring organ or cellular transplantation,” said Seth Lederman, M.D., Chief Executive Officer of Tonix. “We believe this strategic agreement is a promising step towards utilizing xenotransplantation in the clinic. Makana’s novel genetically engineered (GE) pigs, which have deleted swine leukocyte antigen (SLA), has shown improved human compatibility and several other advantages over other technologies including high rates of fertility and birthing, which potentially increases their ability to produce viable organs to satisfy a commercial market globally.”

“Despite significant progress and momentum in the field of xenotransplantation, improving organ compatibility to prevent rejection remains an ongoing challenge,” said Joseph Tector, M.D., Ph.D., Founder of Makana and a practicing transplant surgeon. “This collaboration provides Makana the opportunity to combine its novel GE pig organs with TNX 1500 in our ongoing and future preclinical studies. We view anti-CD40L as a critical part of an effective immunomodulatory regimen for successful xenotransplantation. This collaboration enables us to pursue co-development of our GE organs with the TNX 1500, which has shown best-in-class pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in a human study after showing best-in-class results in preventing rejection in 6-month studies of allo- and xenotransplantation in animals. Our mutual goal is to obtain the best human results as soon as possible.”

“We are thrilled with this collaboration utilizing TNX 1500 as an important element of our xenotransplant therapy. The collaboration with Tonix gives Makana the right product and the right partner to bring Makana toward clinical development,” said Mark Platt, President and Chief Executive Officer of Makana. “Most organ-failure patients today will never receive a lifesaving/life-changing transplant. Our achievement in developing the SLA DR knockout pig has yielded encouraging results with preclinical kidney xenografts and positions us to deliver strong outcomes in clinical development.”

TNX 1500 is an investigational, humanized Fc-modified IgG4 anti-CD40L antibody with high affinity for the CD40 ligand. CD40L is an attractive drug development target for transplant immunomodulation since the engagement of the CD40L plays a pivotal role in immune system activation by modulating both antibody and cellular immune responses.

About Makana’s Genetically Engineered (GE) Pigs

Makana began developing pigs for xenotransplantation in 2010. Makana’s 2013 creation of the Triple Knockout (TKO) Pig, lacking three key glycans responsible for hyperacute and acute organ rejection in humans, resulted in the first 1-year preclinical xeno-kidney survivor in animals¹. This discovery revitalized the xeno-field and today Makana’s TKO genetics are employed across the xenotransplantation field.

Realizing that the first clinical xenografts failed because of antibody mediated rejection, Makana deferred rushing to the clinic and employed the same stepwise scientific approach to show that these early clinical failures occur because of the development of antibodies against SLA. The final result is that Makana has developed the new TKO plus SLA DR KO pig that eliminates the next barrier to clinical success. Now Makana is poised to achieve longer term clinical success.

Makana has achieved the field’s longest and most consistent preclinical survival without the need to insert human transgenes into its pig genetics. Rejection continues as a barrier to survival in the limited number of emergency IND human transplants performed with transgenic pigs, further supporting Makana’s focus on antigen discovery and deletion in lieu of relying on inserted transgenes to evade the human immune response.

Without the need for transgenes, the future commercialization of Makana’s xeno-organs through breeding will be straightforward. When compared to transgenic animals, Makana’s knockout-only pigs will breed with greater efficiency and eliminate the challenge of retaining transgenic expression. This is an important consideration, reducing both the cost of therapy and the complexity of GE pig production.

Makana’s preclinical successes with SLA-deleted pig kidneys in animal xenotransplantation has depended on the co-administration of primatized 5c8 anti-CD40L monoclonal antibody. Tonix’s TNX 1500 is an Fc-modified version of humanized 5c8, which maintains the activity of 5c8, while improving tolerability.