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- AUGMENTIN ES-600 AMOXICILLIN 600 mg/5mL USAntibiotics, LLC
AUGMENTIN ES-600
Summary of product characteristics
Indications And Usage
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE AUGMENTIN ES-600 is indicated for the treatment of pediatric patients aged 3 months to 12 years weighing less than or equal to 40 kg with: Recurrent or persistent acute otitis media due to S. pneumoniae (penicillin MICs less than or equal to 2 mcg/mL), H. influenzae (including beta-lactamase-producing strains), or M. catarrhalis (including beta-lactamase-producing strains) characterized by the following risk factors: - Antibacterial drug exposure for acute otitis media within the preceding 3 months, and either of the following: 1) age 2 years, or younger or 2) day care attendance [see Microbiology (12.4)] . Limitations of Use AUGMENTIN ES-600 is not indicated for the treatment of acute otitis media due to S. pneumoniae with penicillin MIC greater than or equal to 4 mcg/mL. Acute otitis media due to S. pneumoniae alone can be treated with amoxicillin. Therapy may be instituted prior to obtaining the results from bacteriological studies when there is reason to believe the infection may involve both S. pneumoniae (penicillin MIC less than or equal to 2 mcg/mL) and the beta-lactamase-producing organisms listed above. Usage To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of AUGMENTIN ES-600 and other antibacterial drugs, AUGMENTIN ES-600 should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria. When culture and susceptibility information are available, they should be considered in selecting or modifying antibacterial therapy. In the absence of such data, local epidemiology and susceptibility patterns may contribute to the empiric selection of therapy. AUGMENTIN ES-600 is a combination of amoxicillin, a penicillin-class antibacterial and clavulanate potassium, a beta-lactamase inhibitor, indicated for the treatment of pediatric patients aged 3 months to 12 years weighing less than or equal to 40 kg with: Recurrent or persistent acute otitis media due to S. pneumoniae (penicillin MICs less than or equal to 2 mcg/mL), H. influenzae (including beta-lactamase-producing strains), or M. catarrhalis (including beta-lactamase-producing strains) characterized by the following risk factors ( 1 ): Antibacterial exposure for acute otitis media within the preceding 3 months, and either of the following: 1) age 2 years, or younger or 2) day care attendance. Limitations of Use AUGMENTIN ES-600 is not indicated for the treatment of acute otitis media due to S. pneumoniae with penicillin MIC greater than or equal to 4 mcg/mL. Acute otitis media due to S. pneumoniae alone can be treated with amoxicillin. Therapy may be instituted prior to obtaining the results from bacteriological studies when there is reason to believe the infection may involve both S. pneumoniae (penicillin MIC less than or equal to 2 mcg/mL) and the beta lactamase producing organisms listed above. (1) Usage To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of AUGMENTIN ES-600 and other antibacterial drugs, AUGMENTIN ES-600 should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by bacteria. (1)
Adverse Reactions
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following clinically significant adverse reactions are described elsewhere in labeling: Anaphylactic reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)] Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions (SCAR) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)] Drug-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome (DIES) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)] Hepatic Dysfunction [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)] Clostridioides difficile -Associated Diarrhea (CDAD) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)] Skin Rash in Patients with Mononucleosis [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)] The most frequently reported adverse reactions (incidence rate > 4 %) were coughing, vomiting, contact dermatitis (i.e., diaper rash), fever, upper respiratory tract infection, and diarrhea. ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact USAntibiotics, LLC at 1-844-454-5532 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. 6.1 Clinical Trial Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. Two clinical trials evaluated the safety of a 10-day treatment course of AUGMENTIN ES-600 90/6.4 mg/kg/day, divided every 12 hours, in pediatric patients with acute otitis media [ see Clinical Studies ( 14 ) ]. The first trial involved 521 pediatric patients (3 months to 50 months) and the second trial involved 450 pediatric patients (3 months to 12 years). In the intent-to-treat population of the first trial of 521 patients, the most frequently reported adverse events were vomiting (7%), fever (6%), contact dermatitis (i.e., diaper rash) (6%), upper respiratory tract infection (4%), and diarrhea (4%). Protocol-defined diarrhea (i.e., 3 or more watery stools in one day or 2 watery stools per day for 2 consecutive days as recorded on diary cards) occurred in 13% of patients. The primary objective of the second study was to compare the safety of AUGMENTIN ES-600 (90/6.4 mg/kg/day, divided every 12 hours) to AUGMENTIN (45/6.4 mg/kg/day, divided every 12 hours) for ten days. There was no statistically significant difference between treatments in the proportion of patients with 1 or more adverse events. The most frequently reported adverse reactions for AUGMENTIN ES-600 and the comparator of AUGMENTIN were coughing (12% versus 7%), vomiting (7% versus 8%), contact dermatitis (i.e., diaper rash, 6% versus 5%), fever (6% versus 4%), and upper respiratory infection (3% versus 9%), respectively. The frequencies of protocol-defined diarrhea with AUGMENTIN ES-600 (11%) and AUGMENTIN (9%) were not statistically different. Two patients in the group treated with AUGMENTIN ES-600 and one patient in the group treated with AUGMENTIN were withdrawn due to diarrhea. 6.2 Postmarketing Experience The following adverse reactions have been identified during postmarketing use of AUGMENTIN products, including AUGMENTIN ES-600. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of unknown size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. Gastrointestinal: Drug-induced enterocolitis syndrome (DIES), diarrhe, nausea, vomiting, indigestion, gastritis, stomatitis, glossitis, black “hairy” tongue, mucocutaneous candidiasis, enterocolitis, and hemorrhagic/pseudomembranous colitis. Onset of pseudomembranous colitis symptoms may occur during or after antibacterial treatment [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5 .5)] . Immune: Hypersensitivity reactions, anaphylactic/anaphylactoid reactions (including shock), angioedema, serum sickness-like reactions (urticaria or skin rash accompanied by arthritis, arthralgia, myalgia, and frequently fever), hypersensitivity vasculitis [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] . Skin and Appendages: Rashes, pruritus, urticaria, erythema multiforme, SJS, TEN, DRESS, AGEP, exfoliative dermatitis, and linear IgA bullous dermatosis [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.1, 5.2, 5.6)] . Liver: A moderate rise in AST (SGOT) and/or ALT (SGPT) has been noted in patients treated with ampicillin-class antibacterials. Hepatic dysfunction, including increases in serum transaminases (AST and/or ALT), serum bilirubin, and/or alkaline phosphatase, has been infrequently reported with AUGMENTIN or AUGMENTIN ES-600. It has been reported more commonly in the elderly, in males, or in patients on prolonged treatment. The histologic findings on liver biopsy have consisted of cholestatic, hepatocellular, or mixed cholestatic-hepatocellular changes. The onset of signs/symptoms of hepatic dysfunction may occur during or several weeks after therapy has been discontinued. The hepatic dysfunction, which may be severe, is usually reversible. Deaths have been reported [see Contraindications ( 4.2 ), Warnings and Precautions ( 5. 4)] . Renal: Interstitial nephritis and hematuria have been reported. Crystalluria has also been reported [see Overdosage ( 10 )] . Hemic and Lymphatic Systems: Anemia, including hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, thrombocytopenic purpura, eosinophilia, leukopenia, and agranulocytosis have been reported during therapy with penicillins. These reactions are usually reversible on discontinuation of therapy and are believed to be hypersensitivity phenomena. There have been reports of increased prothrombin time in patients receiving AUGMENTIN and anticoagulant therapy concomitantly. Central Nervous System: Agitation, anxiety, behavioral changes, aseptic meningitis, confusion, convulsions, dizziness, insomnia, and reversible hyperactivity have been reported. Miscellaneous: Tooth discoloration (brown, yellow, or gray staining) has been reported. Most reports occurred in pediatric patients. Discoloration was reduced or eliminated with brushing or dental cleaning in most cases.
Contraindications
4 CONTRAINDICATIONS History of a serious hypersensitivity reaction (e.g., anaphylaxis or Stevens-Johnson syndrome) to AUGMENTIN ES-600 or any other beta-lactams (e.g., penicillins or cephalosporins). ( 4.1 ) History of cholestatic jaundice/hepatic dysfunction associated with AUGMENTIN ES-600. ( 4.2 ) 4.1 Serious Hypersensitivity Reactions AUGMENTIN ES-600 is contraindicated in patients with a history of serious hypersensitivity reactions (e.g., anaphylaxis or Stevens-Johnson syndrome) to amoxicillin, clavulanate, or to other beta-lactam antibacterial drugs (e.g., penicillins and cephalosporins). 4.2 Cholestatic Jaundice/Hepatic Dysfunction AUGMENTIN ES-600 is contraindicated in patients with a previous history of cholestatic jaundice/hepatic dysfunction associated with treatment with amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium.
Description
11 DESCRIPTION AUGMENTIN ES-600 is an oral antibacterial combination consisting of the semisynthetic antibacterial amoxicillin and the beta-lactamase inhibitor, clavulanate potassium (the potassium salt of clavulanic acid). Amoxicillin is an analog of ampicillin, derived from the basic penicillin nucleus, 6-aminopenicillanic acid. The amoxicillin molecular formula is C 16 H 19 N 3 O 5 S•3H 2 O, and the molecular weight is 419.46. Chemically, amoxicillin is (2 S ,5 R ,6 R )-6-[( R )-(-)-2-Amino-2-( p -hydroxyphenyl)acetamido]-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo [3.2.0] heptane-2-carboxylic acid trihydrate and may be represented structurally as: Clavulanic acid is produced by the fermentation of Streptomyces clavuligerus . It is a beta-lactam structurally related to the penicillins and possesses the ability to inactivate a wide variety of beta-lactamases by blocking the active sites of these enzymes. Clavulanic acid is particularly active against the clinically important plasmid-mediated beta-lactamases frequently responsible for transferred drug resistance to penicillins and cephalosporins. The clavulanate potassium molecular formula is C 8 H 8 KNO 5 and the molecular weight is 237.25. Chemically, clavulanate potassium is potassium ( Z )-( 2R,5R )-3-(2-hydroxyethylidene)-7-oxo-4-oxa-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]-heptane-2-carboxylate and may be represented structurally as: Following constitution, each 5 mL of oral suspension contains 600 mg of amoxicillin as the trihydrate and 42.9 mg of clavulanic acid (equivalent to 51.1 mg of clavulanate potassium). Inactive Ingredients : Aspartame, colloidal silicon dioxide, silicon dioxide, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, strawberry cream flavor, and xanthan gum [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8)] . Each 5 mL of reconstituted AUGMENTIN ES-600 contains approximately 9 mg of potassium and 4 mg of sodium. Figure Figure
Dosage And Administration
2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Pediatric Patients aged 3 months to 12 years weighing less than or equal to 40 kg: 90 mg/kg/day divided every 12 hours, administered for 10 days. (2) 2.1 Important Administration Instructions To minimize the potential for gastrointestinal intolerance, AUGMENTIN ES-600 should be taken at the start of a meal. Absorption of clavulanate potassium may be enhanced when AUGMENTIN ES-600 is administered at the start of a meal. 2.2 Dosage in Pediatric Patients Pediatric patients aged 3 months to 12 years weighing less than or equal to 40 kg: Based on the amoxicillin component (600 mg/5 mL), the recommended dose of AUGMENTIN ES-600 is 90 mg/kg/day divided every 12 hours, administered for 10 days (see Table 1 as a general example guideline for attainment of this dosage). This dose provides 6.4 mg/kg/day of the clavulanic acid component. Table 1: General Dosage Guidelines for AUGMENTIN ES-600 in Pediatric Patients Body Weight (kg) Volume of AUGMENTIN ES-600 for oral suspension providing 90 mg/kg/day 8 3 mL twice daily 12 4.5 mL twice daily 16 6 mL twice daily 20 7.5 mL twice daily 24 9 mL twice daily 28 10.5 mL twice daily 32 12 mL twice daily 36 13.5 mL twice daily 40 15 mL twice daily Pediatric patients weighing greater than 40 kg: Experience with AUGMENTIN ES-600 in this group is not available. 2.3 Dosage in Adult Patients Experience with AUGMENTIN ES-600 in adults is not available and adults who have difficulty swallowing should not be given AUGMENTIN ES-600 in place of the 500 mg or 875 mg tablet of AUGMENTIN. 2.4 Dosage in Patients with Hepatic Impairment Hepatically impaired patients should be dosed with caution and hepatic function monitored at regular intervals [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5 .4)] . 2.5 Preparation of the Oral Suspension Prepare the suspension at time of dispensing as follows: Tap bottle until all powder flows freely. Measure the total amount of water (see Table 2) to be added in two parts. Add approximately 2/3 of the total amount of water for reconstitution, replace cap and shake vigorously to suspend powder. Add remainder of the water (that had been measured), replace cap and again shake vigorously. Table 2: Volume of Water for Reconstituting AUGMENTIN ES-600 Bottle Size Amount of Water Required for Reconstitution 75 mL 70 mL 125 mL 110 mL 200 mL 180 mL Each 5 mL will contain 600 mg of amoxicillin as the trihydrate, and 42.9 mg of clavulanic acid as the potassium salt. Shake oral suspension well before each use. Suspension must be refrigerated. Discard after 10 days. Suspension is off-white at time of reconstitution; some color change is normal during the dosing period. Flavoring Information: For patients who wish to alter the taste of AUGMENTIN ES-600, immediately after reconstitution, 1 drop of FLAVORx® (apple, banana cream, bubble gum, cherry, or watermelon flavor) may be added for every 5 mL of AUGMENTIN ES-600. The resulting suspension is stable for 10 days under refrigeration. Stability of AUGMENTIN ES-600 when mixed with other flavors other than the 5 flavors listed above has not been evaluated. 2.6 Switching between Dosage Forms and between Strengths AUGMENTIN ES-600 does not contain the same amount of clavulanic acid (as the potassium salt) as any of the other suspensions of AUGMENTIN. AUGMENTIN ES-600 contains 42.9 mg of clavulanic acid per 5 mL, whereas the 200 mg/28.5 mg per 5 mL suspension of AUGMENTIN contains 28.5 mg clavulanic acid per 5 mL and the 400 mg/57 mg per 5 mL suspension of AUGMENTIN contains 57 mg clavulanic acid per 5 mL. Therefore, the 200 mg/28.5 mg per 5 mL and 400 mg/57 mg per 5 mL suspensions of AUGMENTIN should not be substituted for AUGMENTIN ES-600 as they are not interchangeable.
Overdosage
10 OVERDOSAGE Following overdosage, patients have experienced primarily gastrointestinal symptoms including stomach and abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. Rash, hyperactivity, or drowsiness have also been observed in a small number of patients. In the case of overdosage, discontinue AUGMENTIN ES-600, treat symptomatically, and institute supportive measures as required. If the overdosage is very recent and there is no contraindication, an attempt at emesis or other means of removal of drug from the stomach may be performed. A prospective study of 51 pediatric patients at a poison control center suggested that overdosages of less than 250 mg/kg of amoxicillin are not associated with significant clinical symptoms and do not require gastric emptying. 1 Interstitial nephritis resulting in oliguric renal failure has been reported in a small number of patients after overdosage with amoxicillin. Crystalluria, in some cases leading to renal failure, has also been reported after amoxicillin overdosage in adult and pediatric patients. In case of overdosage, adequate fluid intake and diuresis should be maintained to reduce the risk of amoxicillin crystalluria. Renal impairment appears to be reversible with cessation of drug administration. High blood levels may occur more readily in patients with impaired renal function because of decreased renal clearance of both amoxicillin and clavulanate. Both amoxicillin and clavulanate are removed from the circulation by hemodialysis [see Dosage and Administration ( 2 )] .
Drug Interactions
7 DRUG INTERACTIONS Co-administration with probenecid is not recommended. ( 7.1 ) Concomitant use of AUGMENTIN ES-600 with oral anticoagulants may increase the prolongation of prothrombin time. ( 7.2 ) Co-administration with allopurinol increases the risk of rash. ( 7.3 ) AUGMENTIN ES-600 may reduce efficacy of oral contraceptives. ( 7.4 ) 7.1 Probenecid Probenecid decreases the renal tubular secretion of amoxicillin. Concurrent use with AUGMENTIN ES-600 may result in increased and prolonged blood levels of amoxicillin. Co-administration of probenecid is not recommended. 7.2 Oral Anticoagulants Abnormal prolongation of prothrombin time (increased international normalized ratio [INR]) has been reported in patients receiving amoxicillin and oral anticoagulants. Appropriate monitoring should be undertaken when anticoagulants are prescribed concurrently. Adjustments in the dose of oral anticoagulants may be necessary to maintain the desired level of anticoagulation. 7.3 Allopurinol The concurrent administration of allopurinol and amoxicillin increases substantially the incidence of rashes in patients receiving both drugs as compared to patients receiving amoxicillin alone. It is not known whether this potentiation of amoxicillin rashes is due to allopurinol or the hyperuricemia present in these patients. There are no data with AUGMENTIN ES-600 and allopurinol administered concurrently. 7.4 Oral Contraceptives AUGMENTIN ES-600 may affect intestinal flora, leading to lower estrogen reabsorption and reduced efficacy of combined oral estrogen/progesterone contraceptives. 7.5 Effects on Laboratory Tests High urine concentrations of amoxicillin may result in false-positive reactions when testing for the presence of glucose in urine using CLINITEST ® , Benedict's Solution, or Fehling's Solution. Since this effect may also occur with AUGMENTIN ES-600, it is recommended that glucose tests based on enzymatic glucose oxidase reactions be used. Following administration of amoxicillin to pregnant women, a transient decrease in plasma concentration of total conjugated estriol, estriol-glucuronide, conjugated estrone, and estradiol has been noted.
Clinical Pharmacology
12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 12.1 Mechanism of Action AUGMENTIN ES-600 is an antibacterial drug [see Microbiology ( 12.4 )] . 12.3 Pharmacokinetics The pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin and clavulanate were determined in a study of 19 pediatric patients, 8 months to 11 years, given AUGMENTIN ES-600 at an amoxicillin dose of 45 mg/kg q12h with a snack or meal. The mean plasma amoxicillin and clavulanate pharmacokinetic parameter values are listed in the Table 3. Table 3. Mean (±SD) Plasma Amoxicillin and Clavulanate Pharmacokinetic Parameter Values Following Administration of 45 mg/kg of AUGMENTIN ES-600 Every 12 Hours to Pediatric Patients * Arithmetic mean ± standard deviation, except T max values which are medians (ranges). PARAMETER AMOXICILLIN CLAVULANATE C max (mcg/mL) 15.7 ± 7.7 1.7 ± 0.9 T max (hr) 2.0 (1.0 to 4.0) 1.1 (1.0 to 4.0) AUC 0-T (mcg*hr/mL) 59.8 ± 20.0 4.0 ± 1.9 T½ (hr) 1.4 ± 0.3 1.1 ± 0.3 CL/F (L/hr/kg) 0.9 ± 0.4 1.1 ± 1.1 The effect of food on the oral absorption of AUGMENTIN ES-600 has not been studied. Approximately 50% to 70% of the amoxicillin and approximately 25% to 40% of the clavulanic acid are excreted unchanged in urine during the first 6 hours after administration of 10 mL of 250 mg/5 mL suspension of AUGMENTIN. Neither component in AUGMENTIN ES-600 is highly protein-bound; clavulanic acid has been found to be approximately 25% bound to human serum and amoxicillin approximately 18% bound. Oral administration of a single dose of AUGMENTIN ES-600 at 45 mg/kg (based on the amoxicillin component) to pediatric patients, 9 months to 8 years, yielded the following pharmacokinetic data for amoxicillin in plasma and middle ear fluid (MEF): Table 4. Amoxicillin Concentrations in Plasma and Middle Ear Fluid Following Administration of 45 mg/kg of AUGMENTIN ES-600 to Pediatric Patients * Timepoint Amoxicillin concentration in plasma (mcg/mL) Amoxicillin concentration in MEF (mcg/mL) 1 hour mean median range 7.7 9.3 1.5 to 14.0 (n = 5) 3.2 3.5 0.2 to 5.5 (n = 4) 2 hour mean median range 15.7 13.0 11.0 to 25.0 (n = 7) 3.3 2.4 1.9 to 6 (n = 5) 3 hour mean median range 13.0 12.0 5.5 to 21.0 (n = 5) 5.8 6.5 3.9 to 7.4 (n = 5) * Dose administered immediately prior to eating. Amoxicillin diffuses readily into most body tissues and fluids, with the exception of the brain and spinal fluid. The results of experiments involving the administration of clavulanic acid to animals suggest that this compound, like amoxicillin, is well distributed in body tissues. Drug Interaction Studies Clinical Studies Concurrent administration of probenecid delays amoxicillin excretion but does not delay renal excretion of clavulanic acid. 12.4 Microbiology Mechanism of Action Amoxicillin is a semisynthetic antibacterial with a broad spectrum of bactericidal activity against many gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. Amoxicillin is, however, susceptible to degradation by beta-lactamases, and therefore, its spectrum of activity does not include organisms which produce these enzymes. Clavulanic acid is a beta-lactam, structurally related to penicillin, which possesses the ability to inactivate a wide range of beta-lactamase enzymes commonly found in microorganisms resistant to penicillins and cephalosporins. In particular, it has good activity against the clinically important plasmid-mediated beta-lactamases frequently found responsible for transferred drug resistance . The clavulanic acid component of AUGMENTIN ES-600 protects amoxicillin from degradation by beta-lactamase enzymes and effectively extends the antibacterial spectrum of amoxicillin to include many bacteria normally resistant to amoxicillin and other beta-lactam antibacterials. Thus, AUGMENTIN ES-600 possesses the distinctive properties of a broad spectrum antibacterial and a beta-lactamase inhibitor. Antimicrobial Activity Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid has been shown to be active against most isolates of the following microorganisms, both in vitro and in clinical infections [see Indications and Usage (1)] . Gram-Positive bacteria: Streptococcus pneumoniae (including isolates with penicillin MICs less than or equal to 2 mcg/mL) Gram-Negative bacteria: Haemophilus influenzae (including beta-lactamase-producing isolates) Moraxella catarrhalis (including beta-lactamase-producing isolates) The following in vitro data are available, but their clinical significance is unknown. At least 90% of the following microorganisms exhibit in vitro minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) less than or equal to the susceptible breakpoint for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. However, the safety and efficacy of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid in treating infections due to these microorganisms have not been established in adequate and well-controlled trials. Gram-Positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus (including beta-lactamase-producing isolates) Staphylococci which are resistant to methicillin/oxacillin must be considered resistant to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. Streptococcus pyogenes S. pyogenes do not produce beta-lactamase, and therefore, are susceptible to amoxicillin alone. Adequate and well-controlled clinical trials have established the effectiveness of amoxicillin alone in treating certain clinical infections due to S. pyogenes. Susceptibility Test Methods: For specific information regarding susceptibility test interpretive criteria and associated test methods and quality control standards recognized by FDA for this drug, please see: https://www.fda.gov/STIC .
Clinical Pharmacology Table
* Arithmetic mean ± standard deviation, except Tmax values which are medians (ranges). | ||
PARAMETER | AMOXICILLIN | CLAVULANATE |
Cmax (mcg/mL) | 15.7 ± 7.7 | 1.7 ± 0.9 |
Tmax (hr) | 2.0 (1.0 to 4.0) | 1.1 (1.0 to 4.0) |
AUC0-T (mcg*hr/mL) | 59.8 ± 20.0 | 4.0 ± 1.9 |
T½ (hr) | 1.4 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.3 |
CL/F (L/hr/kg) | 0.9 ± 0.4 | 1.1 ± 1.1 |
Mechanism Of Action
12.1 Mechanism of Action AUGMENTIN ES-600 is an antibacterial drug [see Microbiology ( 12.4 )] .
Pharmacokinetics
12.3 Pharmacokinetics The pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin and clavulanate were determined in a study of 19 pediatric patients, 8 months to 11 years, given AUGMENTIN ES-600 at an amoxicillin dose of 45 mg/kg q12h with a snack or meal. The mean plasma amoxicillin and clavulanate pharmacokinetic parameter values are listed in the Table 3. Table 3. Mean (±SD) Plasma Amoxicillin and Clavulanate Pharmacokinetic Parameter Values Following Administration of 45 mg/kg of AUGMENTIN ES-600 Every 12 Hours to Pediatric Patients * Arithmetic mean ± standard deviation, except T max values which are medians (ranges). PARAMETER AMOXICILLIN CLAVULANATE C max (mcg/mL) 15.7 ± 7.7 1.7 ± 0.9 T max (hr) 2.0 (1.0 to 4.0) 1.1 (1.0 to 4.0) AUC 0-T (mcg*hr/mL) 59.8 ± 20.0 4.0 ± 1.9 T½ (hr) 1.4 ± 0.3 1.1 ± 0.3 CL/F (L/hr/kg) 0.9 ± 0.4 1.1 ± 1.1 The effect of food on the oral absorption of AUGMENTIN ES-600 has not been studied. Approximately 50% to 70% of the amoxicillin and approximately 25% to 40% of the clavulanic acid are excreted unchanged in urine during the first 6 hours after administration of 10 mL of 250 mg/5 mL suspension of AUGMENTIN. Neither component in AUGMENTIN ES-600 is highly protein-bound; clavulanic acid has been found to be approximately 25% bound to human serum and amoxicillin approximately 18% bound. Oral administration of a single dose of AUGMENTIN ES-600 at 45 mg/kg (based on the amoxicillin component) to pediatric patients, 9 months to 8 years, yielded the following pharmacokinetic data for amoxicillin in plasma and middle ear fluid (MEF): Table 4. Amoxicillin Concentrations in Plasma and Middle Ear Fluid Following Administration of 45 mg/kg of AUGMENTIN ES-600 to Pediatric Patients * Timepoint Amoxicillin concentration in plasma (mcg/mL) Amoxicillin concentration in MEF (mcg/mL) 1 hour mean median range 7.7 9.3 1.5 to 14.0 (n = 5) 3.2 3.5 0.2 to 5.5 (n = 4) 2 hour mean median range 15.7 13.0 11.0 to 25.0 (n = 7) 3.3 2.4 1.9 to 6 (n = 5) 3 hour mean median range 13.0 12.0 5.5 to 21.0 (n = 5) 5.8 6.5 3.9 to 7.4 (n = 5) * Dose administered immediately prior to eating. Amoxicillin diffuses readily into most body tissues and fluids, with the exception of the brain and spinal fluid. The results of experiments involving the administration of clavulanic acid to animals suggest that this compound, like amoxicillin, is well distributed in body tissues. Drug Interaction Studies Clinical Studies Concurrent administration of probenecid delays amoxicillin excretion but does not delay renal excretion of clavulanic acid.
Pharmacokinetics Table
* Arithmetic mean ± standard deviation, except Tmax values which are medians (ranges). | ||
PARAMETER | AMOXICILLIN | CLAVULANATE |
Cmax (mcg/mL) | 15.7 ± 7.7 | 1.7 ± 0.9 |
Tmax (hr) | 2.0 (1.0 to 4.0) | 1.1 (1.0 to 4.0) |
AUC0-T (mcg*hr/mL) | 59.8 ± 20.0 | 4.0 ± 1.9 |
T½ (hr) | 1.4 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.3 |
CL/F (L/hr/kg) | 0.9 ± 0.4 | 1.1 ± 1.1 |
Effective Time
20240828
Version
3
Dosage And Administration Table
Body Weight (kg) | Volume of AUGMENTIN ES-600for oral suspensionproviding 90 mg/kg/day |
8 | 3 mL twice daily |
12 | 4.5 mL twice daily |
16 | 6 mL twice daily |
20 | 7.5 mL twice daily |
24 | 9 mL twice daily |
28 | 10.5 mL twice daily |
32 | 12 mL twice daily |
36 | 13.5 mL twice daily |
40 | 15 mL twice daily |
Dosage Forms And Strengths
3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS Augmentin ES 600 for Oral Suspension: 600 mg/42.9 mg per 5 mL: Strawberry cream-flavored for oral suspension (each 5 mL of reconstituted suspension contains 600 mg of amoxicillin as the trihydrate, and 42.9 mg of clavulanic acid as the potassium salt). For oral suspension: 600 mg/42.9 mg per 5 mL.
Spl Product Data Elements
AUGMENTIN ES-600 amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium AMOXICILLIN AMOXICILLIN ANHYDROUS CLAVULANATE POTASSIUM CLAVULANIC ACID SILICON DIOXIDE XANTHAN GUM ASPARTAME CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE SODIUM
Carcinogenesis And Mutagenesis And Impairment Of Fertility
13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility Long-term studies in animals have not been performed to evaluate carcinogenic potential. Amoxicillin and clavulanate (4:1 ratio formulation of amoxicillin:clavulanate) was non-mutagenic in the Ames bacterial mutation assay, and the yeast gene conversion assay. Amoxicillin and clavulanate was weakly positive in the mouse lymphoma assay, but the trend toward increased mutation frequencies in this assay occurred at concentrations that were also associated with decreased cell survival. Amoxicillin and clavulanate was negative in the mouse micronucleus test, and in the dominant lethal assay in mice. Clavulanate potassium alone was tested in the Ames bacterial mutation assay and in the mouse micronucleus test and was negative in each of these assays. Amoxicillin and clavulanate (2:1 ratio formulation of amoxicillin:clavulanate) at oral doses of up to 1,200 mg/kg/day was found to have no effect on fertility and reproductive performance in rats. Based on body surface area (assuming a 20 kg child), this dose of amoxicillin is approximately 2 times the recommended clinical AUGMENTIN ES-600 dose of 90/6.4 mg/kg/day. For clavulanate, the dose multiple is approximately 15 times higher than the recommended clinical daily dose, also based on body surface area.
Nonclinical Toxicology
13 NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY 13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility Long-term studies in animals have not been performed to evaluate carcinogenic potential. Amoxicillin and clavulanate (4:1 ratio formulation of amoxicillin:clavulanate) was non-mutagenic in the Ames bacterial mutation assay, and the yeast gene conversion assay. Amoxicillin and clavulanate was weakly positive in the mouse lymphoma assay, but the trend toward increased mutation frequencies in this assay occurred at concentrations that were also associated with decreased cell survival. Amoxicillin and clavulanate was negative in the mouse micronucleus test, and in the dominant lethal assay in mice. Clavulanate potassium alone was tested in the Ames bacterial mutation assay and in the mouse micronucleus test and was negative in each of these assays. Amoxicillin and clavulanate (2:1 ratio formulation of amoxicillin:clavulanate) at oral doses of up to 1,200 mg/kg/day was found to have no effect on fertility and reproductive performance in rats. Based on body surface area (assuming a 20 kg child), this dose of amoxicillin is approximately 2 times the recommended clinical AUGMENTIN ES-600 dose of 90/6.4 mg/kg/day. For clavulanate, the dose multiple is approximately 15 times higher than the recommended clinical daily dose, also based on body surface area.
Application Number
NDA050755
Brand Name
AUGMENTIN ES-600
Generic Name
amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium
Product Ndc
81964-003
Product Type
HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG
Route
ORAL
Laboratory Tests
7.5 Effects on Laboratory Tests High urine concentrations of amoxicillin may result in false-positive reactions when testing for the presence of glucose in urine using CLINITEST ® , Benedict's Solution, or Fehling's Solution. Since this effect may also occur with AUGMENTIN ES-600, it is recommended that glucose tests based on enzymatic glucose oxidase reactions be used. Following administration of amoxicillin to pregnant women, a transient decrease in plasma concentration of total conjugated estriol, estriol-glucuronide, conjugated estrone, and estradiol has been noted.
Microbiology
12.4 Microbiology Mechanism of Action Amoxicillin is a semisynthetic antibacterial with a broad spectrum of bactericidal activity against many gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. Amoxicillin is, however, susceptible to degradation by beta-lactamases, and therefore, its spectrum of activity does not include organisms which produce these enzymes. Clavulanic acid is a beta-lactam, structurally related to penicillin, which possesses the ability to inactivate a wide range of beta-lactamase enzymes commonly found in microorganisms resistant to penicillins and cephalosporins. In particular, it has good activity against the clinically important plasmid-mediated beta-lactamases frequently found responsible for transferred drug resistance . The clavulanic acid component of AUGMENTIN ES-600 protects amoxicillin from degradation by beta-lactamase enzymes and effectively extends the antibacterial spectrum of amoxicillin to include many bacteria normally resistant to amoxicillin and other beta-lactam antibacterials. Thus, AUGMENTIN ES-600 possesses the distinctive properties of a broad spectrum antibacterial and a beta-lactamase inhibitor. Antimicrobial Activity Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid has been shown to be active against most isolates of the following microorganisms, both in vitro and in clinical infections [see Indications and Usage (1)] . Gram-Positive bacteria: Streptococcus pneumoniae (including isolates with penicillin MICs less than or equal to 2 mcg/mL) Gram-Negative bacteria: Haemophilus influenzae (including beta-lactamase-producing isolates) Moraxella catarrhalis (including beta-lactamase-producing isolates) The following in vitro data are available, but their clinical significance is unknown. At least 90% of the following microorganisms exhibit in vitro minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) less than or equal to the susceptible breakpoint for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. However, the safety and efficacy of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid in treating infections due to these microorganisms have not been established in adequate and well-controlled trials. Gram-Positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus (including beta-lactamase-producing isolates) Staphylococci which are resistant to methicillin/oxacillin must be considered resistant to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. Streptococcus pyogenes S. pyogenes do not produce beta-lactamase, and therefore, are susceptible to amoxicillin alone. Adequate and well-controlled clinical trials have established the effectiveness of amoxicillin alone in treating certain clinical infections due to S. pyogenes. Susceptibility Test Methods: For specific information regarding susceptibility test interpretive criteria and associated test methods and quality control standards recognized by FDA for this drug, please see: https://www.fda.gov/STIC .
Package Label Principal Display Panel
PRINICPLE DISPLAY PANEL: Container Label - 75 mL NDC 81964- 003 -51 600 mg/42.9 mg per 5 mL A UGMENTIN ES-600 ® amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium for oral suspension, USP When reconstituted, each 5 mL contains: AMOXICILLIN, 600 mg as the trihydrate, and CLAVULANIC ACID, 42.9 mg (equivalent to 51.1 mg of clavulanate potassium) 75 mL (when reconstituted) U S ANTIBIOTICS Rx only label - 75 mL
Recent Major Changes
Indications and Usage (1) Dosage and Administration, Dosage in Pediatric Patients (2.2) Warnings and Precautions Drug-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome (DIES) (5.3) 12/2024 12/2024 5/2024
Recent Major Changes Table
Indications and Usage (1) Dosage and Administration, Dosage in Pediatric Patients (2.2) Warnings and Precautions Drug-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome (DIES) (5.3) | 12/2024 12/2024 5/2024 |
Information For Patients
17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION Administration Instructions Inform patients to take AUGMENTIN ES-600 every 12 hours with a meal or snack to reduce the possibility of gastrointestinal upset. If diarrhea develops and is severe or lasts more than 2 or 3 days, they should call their doctor [see Dosage and Administration (2.1), Warnings and Precautions (5.5)]. Allergic Reactions Counsel patients that AUGMENTIN ES-600 contains a penicillin class drug product that can cause allergic reactions in some individuals [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1, 5.3)]. Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions (SCAR ) Advise patients about the signs and symptoms of serious skin manifestations. Instruct patients to stop taking AUGMENTIN ES-600 immediately and promptly report the first signs or symptoms of skin rash, mucosal lesions, or any other sign of hypersensitivity [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 )] . Diarrhea Counsel patients that diarrhea is a common problem caused by antibacterial drugs, including AUGMENTIN ES-600, which usually ends when the antibacterial is discontinued. Sometimes after starting treatment with antibacterial drugs, patients can develop watery and bloody stools (with or without stomach cramps and fever) even as late as 2 or more months after having taken the last dose of the antibacterial drug. If this occurs, patients should contact their physician as soon as possible [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)] . Phenylketonuria Counsel patients with phenylketonuria: Each 5 mL of suspension of AUGMENTIN ES-600 contains 7 mg phenylalanine. [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8)]. Antibacterial Resistance Patients should be counseled that antibacterial drugs, including AUGMENTIN ES-600, should only be used to treat bacterial infections. Antibacterial drugs do not treat viral infections (e.g., the common cold). When AUGMENTIN ES-600 is prescribed to treat a bacterial infection, patients should be told that although it is common to feel better early in the course of therapy, the medication should be taken exactly as directed. Skipping doses or not completing the full course of therapy may: (1) decrease the effectiveness of the immediate treatment, and (2) increase the likelihood that bacteria will develop resistance and will not be treatable by AUGMENTIN ES-600 or other antibacterial drugs in the future [see Warnings and Precautions (5.9)]. Storage Instructions Keep suspension refrigerated. Shake well before using. When dosing a child with the suspension (liquid) of AUGMENTIN ES-600, use a dosing spoon or medicine dropper. Be sure to rinse the spoon or dropper after each use. Bottles of suspension of AUGMENTIN ES-600 may contain more liquid than required. Follow your doctor's instructions about the amount to use and the days of treatment your child requires. Discard any unused medicine. Manufactured by: USAntibiotics, LLC Bristol, TN 37620 (USA) AUGMENTIN ES-600 and AUGMENTIN XR are registered trademarks of GlaxoSmithKline and are licensed to USAntibiotics, LLC. CLINITEST is a registered trademark of Miles, Inc. FLAVORx is a trademark of FLAVORx. Inc.
Clinical Studies
14 CLINICAL STUDIES Two clinical studies were conducted in pediatric patients with acute otitis media. A non-comparative, open-label study assessed the bacteriologic and clinical efficacy of AUGMENTIN ES-600 (90/6.4 mg/kg/day, divided every 12 hours) for 10 days in 521 pediatric patients (3 to 50 months) with acute otitis media. The primary objective was to assess bacteriological response in children with acute otitis media due to S. pneumoniae with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid MICs of 4 mcg/mL. The study sought the enrollment of patients with the following risk factors: Failure of antibacterial therapy for acute otitis media in the previous 3 months, history of recurrent episodes of acute otitis media, 2 years or younger, or daycare attendance. Prior to receiving AUGMENTIN ES-600, all patients had tympanocentesis to obtain middle ear fluid for bacteriological evaluation. Patients from whom S. pneumoniae (alone or in combination with other bacteria) was isolated had a second tympanocentesis 4 to 6 days after the start of therapy. Clinical assessments were planned for all patients during treatment (4 to 6 days after starting therapy), as well as 2 to 4 days post-treatment and 15 to 18 days post-treatment. Bacteriological success was defined as the absence of the pretreatment pathogen from the on-therapy tympanocentesis specimen. Clinical success was defined as improvement or resolution of signs and symptoms. Clinical failure was defined as lack of improvement or worsening of signs and/or symptoms at any time following at least 72 hours of AUGMENTIN ES-600; patients who received an additional systemic antibacterial drug for otitis media after 3 days of therapy were considered clinical failures. Bacteriological eradication on therapy (day 4 to 6 visit) in the per protocol population is summarized in Table 5. Table 5. Bacteriologic Eradication Rates in the Per Protocol Population * CI equals confidence intervals; 95% CIs are not adjusted for multiple comparisons. Bacteriologic Eradication on Therapy Pathogen n/N % 95% CI* All S. pneumoniae 121/123 98 (94.3, 99.8) S. pneumoniae with penicillin MIC equal to 2 mcg/mL 19/19 100 (82.4, 100.0) S. pneumoniae with penicillin MIC equal to 4 mcg/mL 12/14 86 (57.2, 98.2) H. influenzae 75/81 93 (84.6, 97.2) M. catarrhalis 11/11 100 (71.5, 100.0) Clinical assessments were made in the per protocol population 2 to 4 days post-therapy and 15 to 18 days post-therapy. Patients who responded to therapy 2 to 4 days post-therapy were followed for 15 to 18 days post-therapy to assess them for acute otitis media. Non-responders at 2 to 4 days post-therapy were considered failures at the latter timepoint. The clinical assessments in the per protocol population are presented in Table 6. Table 6. Clinical Assessments in the Per Protocol Population (Includes S. pneumoniae Patients with Penicillin MICs equal to 2 or 4 mcg/mL*) 2 to 4 Days Post-Therapy (Primary Endpoint) Pathogen n/N % 95% CI † All S. pneumoniae 122/137 89 (82.6, 93.7) S. pneumoniae with penicillin MIC equal to 2 mcg/mL 17/20 85 (62.1, 96.8) S. pneumoniae with penicillin MIC equal to 4 mcg/mL 11/14 79 (49.2, 95.3) H. influenzae 141/162 87 (80.9, 91.8) M. catarrhalis 22/26 85 (65.1, 95.6) * S. pneumoniae strains with penicillin MICs of 2 or 4 mcg/mL are considered resistant to penicillin. † CI equals confidence intervals; 95% CIs are not adjusted for multiple comparisons. ‡ Clinical assessments at 15 to 18 days post-therapy may have been confounded by viral infections and new episodes of acute otitis media with time elapsed post-treatment. 15 to 18 Days Post-Therapy ‡ (Secondary Endpoint) Pathogen n/N % 95% CI † All S. pneumoniae 95/136 70 (61.4, 77.4) S. pneumoniae with penicillin MIC equal to 2 mcg/mL 11/20 55 (31.5, 76.9) S. pneumoniae with penicillin MIC equal to 4 mcg/mL 5/14 36 (12.8, 64.9) H. influenzae 106/156 68 (60.0, 75.2) M. catarrhalis 14/25 56 (34.9, 75.6) In the intent-to-treat analysis, overall clinical outcomes at 2 to 4 days and 15 to 18 days post-treatment in patients with S. pneumoniae with penicillin MIC equal to 2 mcg/mL and 4 mcg/mL were 29/41 (71%) and 17/41 (42%), respectively.
Clinical Studies Table
* CI equals confidence intervals; 95% CIs are not adjusted for multiple comparisons. | |||
Bacteriologic Eradication on Therapy | |||
Pathogen | n/N | % | 95% CI* |
All S. pneumoniae | 121/123 | 98 | (94.3, 99.8) |
S. pneumoniae with penicillin MIC equal to 2 mcg/mL | 19/19 | 100 | (82.4, 100.0) |
S. pneumoniae with penicillin MIC equal to 4 mcg/mL | 12/14 | 86 | (57.2, 98.2) |
H. influenzae | 75/81 | 93 | (84.6, 97.2) |
M. catarrhalis | 11/11 | 100 | (71.5, 100.0) |
References
15 REFERENCES Swanson-Biearman B, Dean BS, Lopez G, Krenzelok EP. The effects of penicillin and cephalosporin ingestions in children less than six years of age. Vet Hum Toxicol. 1988; 30:66-67.
Labor And Delivery
8.2 Lactation Risk Summary Data from a published clinical lactation study report that amoxicillin is present in human milk. There are reports of diarrhea, irritability, and rash in infants exposed to amoxicillin and clavulanate through breast milk; therefore, infants exposed to AUGMENTIN ES-600 should be monitored for these symptoms. There are no data on the effects of amoxicillin and clavulanate on milk production. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother’s clinical need for AUGMENTIN ES-600 and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed child from AUGMENTIN ES-600 or from the underlying maternal condition.
Pediatric Use
8.4 Pediatric Use Acute Otitis Media The safety and effectiveness of AUGMENTIN ES-600 have been established in pediatric patients aged 3 months to 12 years weighing less than or equal to 40 kg, for the treatment of acute otitis media, and the information on this use is discussed throughout the labeling. The safety and effectiveness of AUGMENTIN ES-600 in pediatric patients younger than 3 months of age have not been established. The safety and effectiveness of Augmentin ES-600 have not been established in pediatric patients aged 3 months to 12 years weighing more than 40 kg. Acute Bacterial Sinusitis The safety and effectiveness of AUGMENTIN ES-600 have been established for the treatment of pediatric patients (3 months to 12 years of age) with acute bacterial sinusitis. This use is supported by evidence from adequate and well-controlled studies of AUGMENTIN XRTM Extended Release Tablets in adults with acute bacterial sinusitis, studies of AUGMENTIN ES-600 in pediatric patients with acute otitis media, and by similar pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin and clavulanate in pediatric patients taking AUGMENTIN ES-600 [see Clinical Pharmacology (12)] and adults taking AUGMENTIN XR.
Pregnancy
8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary Available data from published epidemiologic studies and pharmacovigilance case reports over several decades of use with amoxicillin and clavulanate during pregnancy have not established a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal outcomes. A study in women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) reported that prophylactic treatment with amoxicillin and clavulanate may be associated with an increased risk of necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates (see Data) . Reproduction studies performed in pregnant rodents, given up to approximately 2 times the amount of amoxicillin and 15 times the amount of clavulanate in the Maximum Human Recommended Dose (MHRD) of AUGMENTIN ES-600, revealed no evidence of harm to the fetus (see Data) . The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated populations is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2 to 4% and 15 to 20%, respectively. Data Human Data One randomized, controlled trial included 4,826 pregnant women with premature rupture of fetal membranes who were randomly assigned to 250 mg erythromycin (n=1,197), 250 mg amoxicillin and 125 mg clavulanic acid (amoxicillin and clavulanate, n=1,212), amoxicillin and clavulanate and erythromycin (n=1,192), or placebo (n=1,225) four times daily for 10 days or until delivery. Amoxicillin and clavulanate was associated with a significantly increased rate of proven neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis: 1.9% (n = 24) in the amoxicillin and clavulanate only group versus 0.5% (n = 6) in the placebo group (p = 0.001), and 1.8% (n = 44) in the any amoxicillin and clavulanate group versus 0.7% (n =17) in the no amoxicillin and clavulanate group (p = 0.0005). Animal Data Reproduction studies performed in pregnant rats and mice given amoxicillin and clavulanate (2:1 ratio formulation of amoxicillin:clavulanate) at oral doses up to 1200 mg/kg/day revealed no evidence of harm to the fetus due to amoxicillin and clavulanate. The amoxicillin doses in rodents (based on body surface area and assuming a 20 kg child) were approximately 2 times (rats) or equal to (mice) the recommended clinical AUGMENTIN ES-600 dose of 90/6.4 mg/kg/day. For clavulanate, these dose multiples were approximately 15 times and 7.5 times the recommended daily dose of AUGMENTIN ES-600.
Use In Specific Populations
8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS 8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary Available data from published epidemiologic studies and pharmacovigilance case reports over several decades of use with amoxicillin and clavulanate during pregnancy have not established a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal outcomes. A study in women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) reported that prophylactic treatment with amoxicillin and clavulanate may be associated with an increased risk of necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates (see Data) . Reproduction studies performed in pregnant rodents, given up to approximately 2 times the amount of amoxicillin and 15 times the amount of clavulanate in the Maximum Human Recommended Dose (MHRD) of AUGMENTIN ES-600, revealed no evidence of harm to the fetus (see Data) . The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated populations is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2 to 4% and 15 to 20%, respectively. Data Human Data One randomized, controlled trial included 4,826 pregnant women with premature rupture of fetal membranes who were randomly assigned to 250 mg erythromycin (n=1,197), 250 mg amoxicillin and 125 mg clavulanic acid (amoxicillin and clavulanate, n=1,212), amoxicillin and clavulanate and erythromycin (n=1,192), or placebo (n=1,225) four times daily for 10 days or until delivery. Amoxicillin and clavulanate was associated with a significantly increased rate of proven neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis: 1.9% (n = 24) in the amoxicillin and clavulanate only group versus 0.5% (n = 6) in the placebo group (p = 0.001), and 1.8% (n = 44) in the any amoxicillin and clavulanate group versus 0.7% (n =17) in the no amoxicillin and clavulanate group (p = 0.0005). Animal Data Reproduction studies performed in pregnant rats and mice given amoxicillin and clavulanate (2:1 ratio formulation of amoxicillin:clavulanate) at oral doses up to 1200 mg/kg/day revealed no evidence of harm to the fetus due to amoxicillin and clavulanate. The amoxicillin doses in rodents (based on body surface area and assuming a 20 kg child) were approximately 2 times (rats) or equal to (mice) the recommended clinical AUGMENTIN ES-600 dose of 90/6.4 mg/kg/day. For clavulanate, these dose multiples were approximately 15 times and 7.5 times the recommended daily dose of AUGMENTIN ES-600. 8.2 Lactation Risk Summary Data from a published clinical lactation study report that amoxicillin is present in human milk. There are reports of diarrhea, irritability, and rash in infants exposed to amoxicillin and clavulanate through breast milk; therefore, infants exposed to AUGMENTIN ES-600 should be monitored for these symptoms. There are no data on the effects of amoxicillin and clavulanate on milk production. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother’s clinical need for AUGMENTIN ES-600 and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed child from AUGMENTIN ES-600 or from the underlying maternal condition. 8.4 Pediatric Use Acute Otitis Media The safety and effectiveness of AUGMENTIN ES-600 have been established in pediatric patients aged 3 months to 12 years weighing less than or equal to 40 kg, for the treatment of acute otitis media, and the information on this use is discussed throughout the labeling. The safety and effectiveness of AUGMENTIN ES-600 in pediatric patients younger than 3 months of age have not been established. The safety and effectiveness of Augmentin ES-600 have not been established in pediatric patients aged 3 months to 12 years weighing more than 40 kg. Acute Bacterial Sinusitis The safety and effectiveness of AUGMENTIN ES-600 have been established for the treatment of pediatric patients (3 months to 12 years of age) with acute bacterial sinusitis. This use is supported by evidence from adequate and well-controlled studies of AUGMENTIN XRTM Extended Release Tablets in adults with acute bacterial sinusitis, studies of AUGMENTIN ES-600 in pediatric patients with acute otitis media, and by similar pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin and clavulanate in pediatric patients taking AUGMENTIN ES-600 [see Clinical Pharmacology (12)] and adults taking AUGMENTIN XR.
How Supplied
16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING How Supplied AUGMENTIN ES-600 (amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium) for oral suspension is a strawberry cream-flavored powder for oral suspension. Following constitution, each 5 mL of oral suspension contains 600 mg of amoxicillin as the trihydrate and 42.9 mg of clavulanic acid as the potassium salt. Strawberry cream-flavored powder for oral suspension. Following constitution, each 5 mL of oral suspension contains 600 mg of amoxicillin as the trihydrate and 42.9 mg of clavulanic acid as the potassium salt (equivalent to 51.1 mg of clavulanate potassium). AUGMENTIN ES-600 is supplied as follows: • NDC 81964-003-51 75 mL bottle • NDC 81964-003-69 125 mL bottle • NDC 81964-003-54 200 mL bottle Storage Store dry powder for oral suspension at or below 25°C (77°F). Dispense in original container. Store reconstituted suspension under refrigeration. Discard unused suspension after 10 days.
Storage And Handling
Storage Store dry powder for oral suspension at or below 25°C (77°F). Dispense in original container. Store reconstituted suspension under refrigeration. Discard unused suspension after 10 days.
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